ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has angina a new prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Keep the tablets at room temperature in their original glass bottle. Nitroglycerin tablets are sensitive to light, moisture, and heat. Storing them in their original glass bottle at room temperature helps maintain their potency. Discarding unused tablets every 6 months (choice
A) is not necessary as long as they are stored properly. Taking a tablet each morning (choice
B) is not recommended as nitroglycerin is usually taken as needed for angina attacks. Placing the tablet between cheek and gum (choice
D) is not the correct administration route for sublingual nitroglycerin, as it should be placed under the tongue for rapid absorption.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for theophylline, a sustained-released capsule. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Answer D is correct because monitoring blood levels is crucial for theophylline therapy due to its narrow therapeutic range. Regular monitoring helps ensure the drug is at a safe and effective level in the body. Taking the medication with food or fluids, as indicated in choices A and C, can affect its absorption or metabolism, leading to suboptimal effects or toxicity. Sprinkling the medication in applesauce, as in choice B, can alter the drug's sustained-release mechanism, causing rapid release and possible adverse effects.
Therefore, choice D is the best option for ensuring theophylline therapy's safety and efficacy.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is mixing regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe prior to administering it to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Inject air into the NPH vial. This step is crucial to prevent creating a vacuum in the vial when withdrawing the NPH insulin, ensuring accurate dosage measurement. Injecting air into the NPH vial equalizes pressure, making it easier to withdraw the correct amount of insulin without causing air bubbles.
Choice A is incorrect as withdrawing regular insulin first may lead to air being drawn into the syringe when withdrawing NPH insulin.
Choice B is incorrect because withdrawing NPH insulin first without equalizing pressure may cause difficulty in drawing the correct amount of insulin.
Choice D is incorrect as injecting air into the regular insulin vial before withdrawing NPH insulin is unnecessary and may introduce air bubbles into the syringe.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer subcutaneous heparin to a client. Which of the following should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Insert the needle at least 5 cm (2 in) from the umbilicus. This is crucial to prevent any potential harm to the abdominal organs located around the umbilicus. Inserting the needle too close could lead to injury or bleeding. Massaging the site after administering (
A) is not recommended as it can cause bruising or discomfort. Using a 21-gauge needle (
B) is not specified for subcutaneous heparin injections. Aspirating before injecting (
C) is not necessary for subcutaneous injections, as the risk of hitting a blood vessel is low.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for amoxicillin. Which of the following findings indicates the client is experiencing an allergic reaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Laryngeal edema. Laryngeal edema is a severe allergic reaction symptom that can lead to airway obstruction and respiratory distress. This is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate intervention. Nausea (
A) and insomnia (
D) are common side effects of amoxicillin but not indicative of an allergic reaction. Cardiac dysrhythmia (
B) is not a typical allergic reaction symptom to amoxicillin.