ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has angina a new prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin tablets. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
1. Keeping the tablets at room temperature helps maintain their effectiveness.
2. Nitroglycerin is sensitive to light and moisture, so storing it in the original glass bottle helps protect it.
3. Extreme temperatures can affect the potency of the medication.
4. Discarding unused tablets every 6 months helps ensure efficacy.
5. Taking one tablet each morning is not recommended as nitroglycerin is usually taken as needed for angina attacks.
6. Placing the tablet between cheek and gum is not the correct administration route for sublingual nitroglycerin.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has breast cancer and reports pain. 1 hr after administration of prescribed morphine 10 mg IV. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Fentanyl transmucosal. Fentanyl is a potent opioid analgesic that can be used for breakthrough pain in cancer patients already on around-the-clock opioid therapy like morphine. Fentanyl transmucosal provides rapid pain relief, making it suitable for managing sudden onset pain. Naloxone (
A) is an opioid antagonist used to reverse opioid overdose, not for routine pain management. Morphine tablet (
B) is not ideal for immediate pain relief due to slower onset. Lidocaine patch (
C) is used for localized pain, not systemic pain relief like in this case.
Therefore, fentanyl transmucosal is the most appropriate choice for managing the client's pain effectively.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking haloperidol and is experiencing pseudoparkinsonism. Which of the following findings should the nurse document as a manifestation of pseudoparkinsonism?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Shuffling gait. Pseudoparkinsonism is a side effect of antipsychotic medications like haloperidol, characterized by symptoms similar to Parkinson's disease. A shuffling gait is a common manifestation, caused by muscle stiffness and rigidity in the legs. Serpentine limb movement (
A) is not associated with pseudoparkinsonism. Nonreactive pupils (
C) are more indicative of a neurological issue. Smacking lips (
D) is a sign of tardive dyskinesia, another side effect of antipsychotic medications.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of benign prostate hypertrophy and a prescription for doxazosin. The client tells the nurse, 'I do not take this medication. I would prefer a natural therapy.' Which of the following supplements should the nurse suggest the client discuss with the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Saw palmetto. Saw palmetto is a commonly used herbal remedy for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) symptoms. It has been shown to potentially reduce urinary symptoms and improve quality of life in BPH patients. The nurse should suggest the client discuss saw palmetto with the provider as it may be a suitable alternative to doxazosin.
A: Black cohosh is not typically used for BPH and is more commonly used for menopausal symptoms in women.
B: Garlic does not have a direct link to treating BPH symptoms.
C: Feverfew is primarily used for migraines and inflammatory conditions, not for BPH.
E, F, G: No additional choices provided.
In summary, the other choices are incorrect because they are not commonly associated with treating BPH symptoms, unlike saw palmetto which has some evidence supporting its use in this context.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 4,000 units of heparin subcutaneously to a client who has deep-vein thrombosis. Available is heparin 10,000 units/mL. How many mL of heparin should the nurse administer? (Round to the nearest tenth.)
Correct Answer: 0.4
Rationale:
Correct Answer: 0.4 mL
Rationale:
To calculate the mL of heparin needed, use the formula: Desired dose/Available dose = Volume to be administered. In this case, 4,000 units / 10,000 units/mL = 0.4 mL. The nurse should administer 0.4 mL of heparin subcutaneously.
Summary of Other
Choices:
A: Incorrect. This does not follow the correct calculation method.
B: Incorrect. This does not follow the correct calculation method.
C: Incorrect. This does not follow the correct calculation method.
D: Incorrect. This does not follow the correct calculation method.
E: Incorrect. This does not follow the correct calculation method.
F: Incorrect. This does not follow the correct calculation method.
G: Incorrect. This does not follow the correct calculation method.