ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2019 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has active pulmonary tuberculosis about management of medication for the disease. Which of the following statements is appropriate for the nurse to make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "You will need to take two or more medications to treat your disease." This is appropriate because multi-drug therapy is essential in treating active pulmonary tuberculosis to prevent drug resistance and ensure effective treatment. Option A is incorrect as treatment duration for TB is typically 6 months to 1 year. Option B is not necessary for routine monitoring. Option D is incorrect as tuberculin skin tests are not required during treatment.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 4,000 units of heparin subcutaneously to a client who has deep-vein thrombosis. Available is heparin 10,000 units/mL. How many mL of heparin should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 0.4 mL.
To calculate the amount of heparin to administer, you would use the formula: Volume (mL) = Dose (units) / Concentration (units/mL). In this case, Volume = 4,000 / 10,000 = 0.4 mL.
Choice A is correct as it correctly calculates the volume of heparin required based on the dose and concentration provided. Other choices are incorrect as they do not calculate the correct volume based on the given information.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a peripheral IV infusion and notes infiltration of fluid into the tissues surrounding the insertion site. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct action is to elevate the extremity. Elevating the extremity helps to reduce swelling and minimize further infiltration of fluid into the tissues. By raising the affected arm, gravity helps to facilitate the return of the infiltrated fluid back into the bloodstream, preventing potential complications such as tissue damage or infection. Slowing the infusion rate (Option
A) may not be sufficient to address the existing infiltration. Flushing the IV catheter (Option
B) is not indicated in this situation. Applying pressure to the IV site (Option
D) may exacerbate tissue damage.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is discussing adverse reactions to pain medications in older adult clients with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following findings should the nurse include as risk factors for an adverse drug reaction? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: A,B,D,E
Rationale: The correct answer includes polypharmacy, multiple health problems, decreased percentage of body fat, and decreased renal function as risk factors for adverse drug reactions in older adults. Polypharmacy increases the likelihood of drug interactions and side effects. Multiple health problems can complicate medication management. Decreased body fat can lead to higher medication concentrations in the bloodstream, increasing the risk of toxicity. Decreased renal function can impair drug clearance, prolonging drug effects.
Choices C, F, and G are incorrect because an increased rate of absorption is not a typical risk factor for adverse drug reactions in older adults, and no information is provided for choices F and G.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes mellitus and is taking pioglitazone. The nurse should plan to monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Fluid retention. Pioglitazone, a thiazolidinedione, is known to cause fluid retention by increasing sodium reabsorption in the kidneys. This can lead to edema and exacerbate heart failure. Monitoring for signs of fluid overload such as weight gain, edema, and dyspnea is essential. Insomnia (
B), orthostatic hypotension (
C), and tinnitus (
D) are not commonly associated with pioglitazone. A detailed health history and medication review are essential for optimal client care.