ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for captopril. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Exercise caution when changing positions. This is important to include in the teaching because captopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness or lightheadedness when changing positions. This caution helps prevent falls and other related complications.
Other choices are incorrect:
B: Increasing sodium intake is not recommended as it can exacerbate hypertension, which captopril is prescribed to treat.
C: Taking a daily potassium supplement is not necessary unless specifically prescribed by the healthcare provider, as captopril can already affect potassium levels.
D: Monitoring pulse rate is not directly related to captopril use; blood pressure monitoring is more relevant for this medication.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a gonococcal infection and has been prescribed an IM injection of ceftriaxone. The client refuses the medication because they are afraid of needles. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct response is B: "I will discuss other treatment options with your provider." This answer is appropriate because it shows the nurse's willingness to address the client's fear of needles and explore alternative treatments. It demonstrates patient-centered care and promotes open communication. Option A may minimize the client's fear but doesn't address the underlying issue. Option C is coercive and does not respect the client's autonomy. Option D uses fear tactics and is not therapeutic.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who develops an anaphylactic reaction to antibiotic administration. After assessing the client's respiratory status and stopping the medication infusion, which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Administer epinephrine IM. Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylactic reactions as it helps to reverse the symptoms rapidly by constricting blood vessels and relaxing airway muscles. It is crucial in preventing further complications such as severe respiratory distress and cardiovascular collapse. Giving diphenhydramine (choice
A) can help with itching or hives but is not as effective in treating the life-threatening symptoms of anaphylaxis. Elevating the client's legs and feet (choice
B) is not the priority in this emergency situation. Replacing the infusion with 0.9% sodium chloride (choice
D) does not address the immediate need to counteract the anaphylactic reaction.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing an adult client who is receiving morphine via continuous IV infusion. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the priority finding?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Respirations deep at a rate of 10/min. This is the priority finding because it indicates potential opioid overdose, which can lead to respiratory depression, a life-threatening complication. Shallow, slow respirations at a rate of 10/min suggest the client's respiratory drive is compromised, requiring immediate intervention to prevent respiratory arrest.
A: Vomiting 30 mL of fluid is concerning but not immediately life-threatening compared to respiratory depression.
B: Blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg may be expected with morphine infusion but is not as critical as respiratory depression.
D: Urinary output of 20 mL within 1 hr may indicate decreased renal perfusion but is not as urgent as addressing respiratory compromise.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has started taking theophylline. Which of the following client findings should indicate to the nurse that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decreased wheezing. Theophylline is a medication commonly used to treat respiratory conditions like asthma by dilating the airways. A decrease in wheezing indicates improved air flow and reduced constriction of the air passages, showing the medication's effectiveness. Increased blood pressure (choice
B) is not expected as a response to theophylline.
Choice A, decreased urine output, is not a typical indicator of the medication's effectiveness. Increased level of consciousness (choice
C) is not directly related to theophylline's action on airway constriction.