ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II | Nurselytic

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Place the tablet under the tongue until dissolved. This is the correct instruction for taking nitroglycerin sublingual tablets because sublingual administration allows for rapid absorption through the mucous membranes under the tongue, leading to quick relief of angina symptoms. Placing the tablet under the tongue until dissolved ensures proper absorption and effectiveness of the medication.

Rationale for why the other choices are incorrect:
A: Call 911 if pain persists 30 minutes after taking one tablet - This instruction is incorrect because nitroglycerin is a fast-acting medication, and if the pain persists for 30 minutes, the client may require additional doses or medical attention before that time.
B: Take a tablet every 10 minutes until the pain subsides - This instruction is incorrect because taking multiple tablets in a short period can lead to an overdose and severe hypotension.
D: Store the tablets in a refrigerator in a plastic container - This instruction is incorrect because nitroglycer

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because administering insulin 1 hour before scheduled is a medication error that could potentially harm the client. Incident reports are necessary to document any deviations from standard procedures to ensure proper investigation and prevention of future errors.

Choices A, B, and D are situations that require immediate action but do not necessarily warrant an incident report as they are within the scope of normal nursing care.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Respirations deep at a rate of 10/min. This is the priority finding because it indicates potential opioid overdose, which can lead to respiratory depression, a life-threatening complication. Shallow, slow respirations at a rate of 10/min suggest the client's respiratory drive is compromised, requiring immediate intervention to prevent respiratory arrest.

A: Vomiting 30 mL of fluid is concerning but not immediately life-threatening compared to respiratory depression.
B: Blood pressure of 90/60 mm Hg may be expected with morphine infusion but is not as critical as respiratory depression.
D: Urinary output of 20 mL within 1 hr may indicate decreased renal perfusion but is not as urgent as addressing respiratory compromise.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Exercise caution when changing positions. This is important to include in the teaching because captopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause orthostatic hypotension, leading to dizziness or lightheadedness when changing positions. This caution helps prevent falls and other related complications.
Other choices are incorrect:
B: Increasing sodium intake is not recommended as it can exacerbate hypertension, which captopril is prescribed to treat.
C: Taking a daily potassium supplement is not necessary unless specifically prescribed by the healthcare provider, as captopril can already affect potassium levels.
D: Monitoring pulse rate is not directly related to captopril use; blood pressure monitoring is more relevant for this medication.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Long-term use of opioids may cause dependence. The nurse should include this information because opioids have the potential to lead to physical dependence over time, which can result in withdrawal symptoms if the medication is discontinued abruptly. It is crucial for the client to understand the risks associated with long-term opioid use to make informed decisions about their pain management.

Explanation for other choices:
A: Diarrhea is not a common adverse effect of opioids. Constipation is actually a more frequent side effect.
B: Opioids typically decrease urinary output, so this statement is incorrect.
D:
Tolerance to opioids often develops over time, requiring an increased dose rather than a decreased one.