ATI RN
ATI SP 250 Exam 3 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about risk factors for skin cancer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This is because sunscreen protects the skin from ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which is a major risk factor for skin cancer. UV radiation can damage DNA and cause mutations that lead to abnormal cell growth and division. Sunscreen should be applied every day, regardless of the season or weather, as UV rays can penetrate clouds and reflect off snow and water.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has viral rhinitis and a history of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) lesions. The nurse should assess which of the following areas of the body for the recurrence of HSV-1 lesions?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This is because HSV-1 typically causes oral herpes, which manifests as cold sores or fever blisters around the mouth or lips.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in a burn treatment center is caring for a client who is admitted with severe burns to both lower extremities and is scheduled for an escharotomy. The client's spouse asks the nurse what the procedure entails. Which of the following nursing statements is appropriate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: An escharotomy is a surgical procedure that involves making incisions in the eschar, which is the hard, blackened tissue that forms over a severe burn wound. The eschar can restrict blood flow and cause compartment syndrome, which can lead to tissue necrosis and nerve damage. By cutting through the eschar, the pressure is relieved and circulation is restored.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is admitting a client who has sustained severe burn injuries in a grease fire. The nurse shades in a diagram indicating the burned surface areas. Using the Rule of Nines, the nurse should estimate that the client has burned what percentage of body surface area? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 31.5
Rationale: The anterior chest wall and abdomen accounts for 18%, the left upper limb 9% (4.5% anteriorly and 4.5% posteriorly), and the right upper limb 4.5% (2.25% anteriorly and 2.25% posteriorly). (18+9+4.5) = 31.5%.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning a presentation about HIV for a church-based group. Which of the following information about HIV transmission should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This is because HIV is a virus that infects certain cells of the immune system, such as CD4 cells or T cells. HIV can be found in blood, semen, vaginal fluid, breast milk, and other body fluids that contain blood. HIV can be transmitted through sexual contact, sharing needles or syringes, mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy or breastfeeding, or occupational exposure to blood or body fluids.