ATI RN
ATI RN pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about prevention of injury when lifting. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Stand close to a heavy object before attempting to lift it. This instruction is important because standing close to the object helps reduce the strain on the back by keeping the load as close to the body's center of gravity as possible. This minimizes the risk of injury and allows for better control and balance while lifting.
Explanation for other choices:
A: A narrow base of support is not recommended as it can decrease stability and increase the risk of injury.
B: Bending at the waist when lifting heavy objects can strain the lower back and lead to injury.
C: Using a twisting motion while lifting can also strain the back and increase the risk of injury.
E, F, G: These choices are not relevant to proper lifting techniques and do not address injury prevention.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing preoperative teaching about using an incentive spirometer for a client. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hold your breath for 2 to 3 seconds when using the incentive spirometer. This instruction is vital as it allows the lungs to fully expand and helps in improving lung function. Holding the breath for a few seconds helps to recruit more alveoli and increase oxygenation.
A: Placing the head of the bed flat is incorrect as it may hinder the effectiveness of the incentive spirometer.
C: Using the incentive spirometer every 3 hours while awake is not accurate. It is recommended to use it every hour while awake.
D: Breathing in through the nose is incorrect as the incentive spirometer is designed to be used with a mouthpiece for optimal results.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer phenobarbital 30 mg PO to a client. Available is phenobarbital 20 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 7.5 mL.
To calculate this, we first determine how many 20 mg doses are in 30 mg (30 mg ÷ 20 mg = 1.5 doses).
Then, since the medication is 20 mg/5 mL, each dose is 5 mL (20 mg ÷ 5 mL = 4 mL).
Therefore, 1.5 doses x 4 mL/dose = 6 mL. However, since we need to round up to ensure the full dosage is administered, the nurse should administer 7.5 mL.
Choice A (7 mL) is incorrect as it does not provide the full dosage.
Choices C (8 mL) and D (8.5 mL) are incorrect as they exceed the necessary dosage, leading to potential overdose risks.
Extract:
Medical History
Medication Administration Record
Diagnostic Results
Day 1:
0800:
The client is postoperative following a hip arthroplasty.
Question 4 of 5
The client is at risk for developing ___ due to ___
| Confusion |
| Pressure injuries |
| Hypoglycemia |
| Constipation |
| Dysrhythmias |
| Opioid use |
| Immobility |
Correct Answer: A,D
Rationale: [0, 0, 1, 1, 0, 0, 1]
To determine the correct answer, consider the client's risk factors. Confusion can result from constipation (
D) due to the impact of bowel issues on cognition.
Therefore, the correct choices are A and D. Pressure injuries (
B) are more related to immobility (G), hypoglycemia (
C) is linked to medication or dietary factors, dysrhythmias (E) are often cardiac-related, and opioid use (F) may lead to constipation but not confusion in this context.
Extract:
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a client about proper use of a cane for maximum support. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A. "I will hold my cane on my stronger side."
Rationale:
1. Holding the cane on the stronger side provides better support and balance.
2. It helps shift weight off the weaker side, reducing strain and risk of falls.
3. Distributes weight evenly, preventing muscle fatigue and improving stability.
Incorrect
Choices:
B. Holding the cane 12 inches from the side may lead to an improper gait pattern and instability.
C. Keeping the elbow flexed at a 90-degree angle is not necessary and may cause discomfort.
D. Moving the weaker leg before the cane can disrupt balance and increase the risk of falls.