ATI RN
ATI SP 250 Exam 3 Med Surg Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is talking with a client who has to come to the clinic for HIV testing. The nurse should explain that, after the laboratory has the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results, it will use which of the following tests to confirm the diagnosis?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: This is because Western blot analysis detects specific antibodies to HIV antigens and has a high specificity and sensitivity for HIV infection. CD4+ T-cell count, quantitative RNA assay, and viral load test do not confirm the diagnosis but provide additional information about the disease progression.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a community health clinic is administering seasonal inactive influenza vaccine. Before administering it, the nurse must confirm that the client is not allergic to which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This is because some influenza vaccines are prepared using chicken eggs and may contain trace amounts of egg protein, which can cause an allergic reaction in some people.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about preventing skin cancer. Which of the following client statements indicates a need for further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Eating a high fiber diet has not been proven to reduce the risk for developing skin cancer. Skin cancer is mainly caused by exposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation from the sun or artificial sources, such as tanning booths.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has asthma. Which of the following areas should the nurse evaluate as the most reliable indicator of central cyanosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: This is because central cyanosis reflects a decrease in arterial oxygen saturation and is best seen in areas where blood vessels are close to the surface, such as the oral mucosa, tongue, and lips. Peripheral cyanosis, which may be caused by vasoconstriction or poor circulation, can be seen in the soles of the feet, ear lobes, and nail beds, but it does not necessarily indicate hypoxemia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has burns to his face, ears, and eyelids. The nurse should identify which of the following is the priority finding to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Difficulty swallowing is the priority finding to report to the provider.
Rationale: This is because difficulty swallowing can indicate airway edema, which can compromise breathing and oxygenation. The nurse should monitor the client's respiratory status and administer oxygen as prescribed. The other findings are also important, but not as urgent as airway obstruction.