ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has acute gout. The nurse should expect an increase in which of the following laboratory results?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Uric acid. In acute gout, there is an increase in the production or decrease in the excretion of uric acid, leading to elevated levels in the blood. This results in the formation of urate crystals in the joints, causing inflammation and pain.
Choices A, B, and D are unrelated to acute gout. A chronic level (
Choice
A) does not indicate an acute condition. Creatinine kinase (
Choice
B) is an enzyme related to muscle damage, not specific to gout. Immac factor (
Choice
D) is not a relevant marker for acute gout.
Therefore, the correct answer is C as it directly correlates with the pathophysiology of acute gout.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following an endoscopy with moderate (conscious) sedation. Which of the following assessment findings is the nurse's priority?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Gag reflex. The priority assessment for a client post-endoscopy with sedation is to ensure their airway is intact. The presence of a gag reflex indicates the airway protection mechanism is functional, reducing the risk of aspiration. Monitoring warmth of extremities, temperature, and pain level are important but secondary assessments compared to airway patency. Ensuring the client's safety and preventing respiratory compromise take precedence in this situation.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is administering packed RBCs to a client. The client reports chills, lower back pain, and nausea 10 min after the infusion begins. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Stop the infusion. The client is showing signs of a transfusion reaction, which can be serious. Stopping the infusion is the first priority to prevent further complications. Vital signs should be checked next to assess the client's condition. Collecting a urine sample is not a priority in this situation. Administering oxygen may be necessary depending on the client's condition, but stopping the infusion takes precedence.
Question 4 of 5
A home health nurse is assessing a client who has pernicious anemia. Which of the following is an expected manifestation that poses a risk to the client's safety?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Paresthesia. Pernicious anemia is caused by a lack of vitamin B12, leading to nerve damage. Paresthesia, or tingling and numbness in the extremities, is a common symptom. This poses a risk to the client's safety as it may result in decreased sensation and coordination, increasing the risk of falls and injuries. Loss of hearing (
A), muscle wasting (
C), and changes in vision (
D) are not directly associated with pernicious anemia and do not pose an immediate safety risk in this context.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a client who has bacterial meningitis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Ensure lights are dimmed in the client's room. Dimming the lights can help decrease stimulation and minimize discomfort for a client with bacterial meningitis, as they may be sensitive to light due to photophobia, which is a common symptom in meningitis. It can also help reduce the risk of exacerbating headaches and other symptoms.
Incorrect choices:
A: Initiating airborne precautions is not necessary for bacterial meningitis, as it is not transmitted through the air.
B: Ensuring the client's bed is positioned to greater than 45° is not directly related to the care of a client with bacterial meningitis.
C: Encouraging frequent ambulation may not be appropriate for a client with bacterial meningitis, as they may be too weak or ill to ambulate.
E, F, G: There are no additional choices provided, but they would likely be incorrect as they are not relevant to the care of a client with bacterial meningitis.