ATI RN
ATI RN Capstone Pharmacology 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who received medications 1 hr ago and reports having chest pain. The nurse should recognize that chest pain can be an adverse effect of which of the following medications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Albuterol. Chest pain can be an adverse effect of Albuterol, a bronchodilator commonly used to treat asthma and other respiratory conditions. Albuterol can cause chest discomfort or pain as a side effect due to its effect on the cardiovascular system, such as increased heart rate and potential cardiac arrhythmias. Furosemide (
B) is a diuretic used to treat fluid retention, not typically associated with chest pain. Digoxin (
C) is a cardiac glycoside used to treat heart conditions, but it is not a common cause of chest pain. Atenolol (
D) is a beta-blocker used to treat high blood pressure and angina, but chest pain is not a common adverse effect.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has recurrent lower urinary tract infections (UTIs). Which of the following medications should the nurse expect to administer?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Nitrofurantoin. Nitrofurantoin is commonly used to treat lower UTIs due to its effectiveness against urinary pathogens. It works by inhibiting bacterial cell wall synthesis. Ganciclovir (
A) is an antiviral medication used for herpes viruses. Amphotericin B (
B) is an antifungal medication. Azithromycin (
C) is an antibiotic used for respiratory infections. In summary, Nitrofurantoin is the correct choice for treating recurrent lower UTIs due to its specific mechanism of action against urinary pathogens.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has open-angle glaucoma and a new prescription for acetazolamide. Prior to administering the first dose, the nurse should ask the client if they have an allergy to which of the following medication classifications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Sulfa-based medications. Acetazolamide belongs to the sulfonamide drug class, which can cause allergic reactions in individuals with sulfa allergies. By asking about sulfa allergies, the nurse can prevent a potentially severe allergic reaction. Nitrates (
A), antilipemic agents (
C), and proton pump inhibitors (
D) are unrelated to acetazolamide and do not pose a cross-reactivity risk.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer gentamicin 200 mg infusion over 1 hr to a child. Available is gentamicin 200 mg in 100 mL of 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL per hour?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 100 mL/hr.
To administer gentamicin 200 mg over 1 hour, the nurse must infuse the entire 100 mL solution.
Therefore, the IV pump should be set to deliver the entire 100 mL over 1 hour, which equals 100 mL/hr. This calculation ensures the correct dose of gentamicin is given within the specified time frame.
Choice B: 50 mL/hr would result in underdosing the medication as only half of the solution would be infused in 1 hour.
Choice C: 200 mL/hr would result in overdosing the medication as double the required volume would be infused in 1 hour.
Choice D: 150 mL/hr would also result in overdosing the medication as more than the required volume would be infused in 1 hour.
Therefore, the correct answer is A as it ensures the accurate administration of gentamicin over the specified time frame.
Extract:
Vital Signs
Nurses' Notes
Laboratory Results
Provider's Prescriptions
Temperature: 38.1°C (100.6°F)
Heart rate: 122/min
Respiratory rate: 20/min
Blood pressure: 109/58 mmHg
SpO₂: 96% on room air
Question 5 of 5
A nurse on a rehabilitative unit is caring for a 65-year-old female client who is postoperative following knee arthroplasty. The nurse is evaluating the client. Select the 2 findings that require immediate follow-up.
| Oral fluid intake |
| Urinalysis |
| Report of sensation upon urination |
| Color of urine |
Correct Answer: B,C
Rationale:
The correct answers are B and C. For a postoperative client following knee arthroplasty, immediate follow-up is needed for urinalysis (
B) to monitor for signs of infection or other urinary issues. Report of sensation upon urination (
C) is crucial as it can indicate urinary retention or infection. Monitoring oral fluid intake (
A) is important but not as urgent as B and C in this context. Checking the color of urine (
D) is also important but does not require immediate follow-up compared to B and C.