ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical history of a client who is to start taking prednisone. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication to prednisone therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Has a systemic fungal infection. Prednisone is a corticosteroid that suppresses the immune system, making the body more susceptible to infections. Systemic fungal infections can be worsened by prednisone due to its immunosuppressive effects, making it a contraindication. A: A prior episode of kidney stones is not a contraindication to prednisone therapy. C: History of asthma can actually be an indication for prednisone therapy to manage asthma exacerbations. D: Taking levothyroxine orally is not a contraindication to prednisone therapy.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who refuses to take their prescribed medications. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct response is D: "Why are you refusing your medications?" This is the most therapeutic communication technique, aimed at understanding the client's reasons for refusal. It shows empathy, promotes trust, and helps address underlying concerns.
Choice A focuses on informing the provider, which may not address the client's refusal directly.
Choice B uses a threatening approach, which can lead to further resistance.
Choice C generalizes and may not address the client's specific concerns.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in an outpatient clinic is teaching a client who has a new prescription for oxycodone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: You should take a stool softener while taking this medication. Oxycodone is an opioid analgesic that can cause constipation as a common side effect. Taking a stool softener can help prevent constipation.
Choice B is incorrect because oxycodone is not known to cause increased urination.
Choice C is incorrect as there is no specific need to minimize sunlight exposure with oxycodone.
Choice D is incorrect as oxycodone can be taken with or without food, so there is no requirement to take it on an empty stomach.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has major depression and a new prescription for citalopram. Which of the following adverse effects is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Confusion. Confusion is a serious adverse effect of citalopram that can indicate serotonin syndrome, a potentially life-threatening condition. Serotonin syndrome is characterized by confusion, agitation, hallucinations, increased heart rate, fever, sweating, shivering, trembling, muscle stiffness, and in severe cases, seizures or coma. It is crucial to report confusion promptly to the provider to prevent further complications.
Insomnia (choice
B) is a common side effect of citalopram but is not as urgent as confusion. Weight loss (choice
C) and bruxism (choice
D) are also common side effects and do not require immediate intervention compared to confusion.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who just received a dose of IV filgrastim. The client has cancer and is receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy. For which of the following findings should the nurse complete an incident report?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because IV filgrastim should be stored in the refrigerator to maintain its stability and efficacy. Allowing the vial to be out of the refrigerator for 2 hours could compromise the medication's integrity and potentially impact the client's response to treatment. Completing an incident report is necessary to address this medication error and prevent similar occurrences in the future.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: The client having a decreased neutrophil count before medication administration is a baseline assessment and does not indicate an error in medication administration.
C: The client feeling nauseous after medication administration could be a side effect of the medication and does not necessarily warrant an incident report unless it persists or is severe.
D: The client receiving chemotherapy 12 hours before the medication was administered does not pose a risk to the client related to the administration of IV filgrastim and therefore does not require an incident report.