ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the list of current medications for a client who has a new prescription for nitroglycerin. The nurse should identify that which of the following client medications is contraindicated for use with nitroglycerin?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sildenafil. Nitroglycerin and sildenafil both cause vasodilation, leading to a significant drop in blood pressure. When taken together, there is a high risk of severe hypotension, which can be life-threatening. Gemfibrozil (
A) is a lipid-lowering medication, not contraindicated with nitroglycerin. Diazepam (
B) is a benzodiazepine used for anxiety, not contraindicated. Lansoprazole (
D) is a proton pump inhibitor and does not interact significantly with nitroglycerin.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following situations requires an incident report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. An incident report is required when there is a deviation from the standard of care that could potentially harm the client. In this scenario, giving insulin 1 hr before scheduled could lead to hypoglycemia, which is a serious risk for the client. The other choices do not pose an immediate threat to the client's safety. Vomiting after medication administration (
A) may be a common side effect. A seizure (
B) can happen even with proper care. A meal tray arriving late (
D) may inconvenience the client but does not pose a significant risk to their health.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer methotrexate in oral tablet form to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct action for the nurse to take when preparing to administer methotrexate in oral tablet form is to apply gloves (
Choice
D). This is because methotrexate is a cytotoxic medication that can be harmful if it comes into contact with the skin. Wearing gloves helps to protect the nurse from potential exposure to the medication. Donning a protective gown (
Choice
A) is not necessary for oral administration. Handling in an area with controlled ventilation (
Choice
B) is more applicable to handling hazardous substances in liquid or powder form. Wearing an N95 mask (
Choice
C) is not necessary for oral administration of methotrexate, as it is not an airborne hazard.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse accidently administers metformin instead of metoprolol to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Check the client's glucose level. Metformin is a medication used to treat diabetes by lowering blood sugar levels. Administering it instead of metoprolol, a beta-blocker, can lead to hypoglycemia. Checking the client's glucose level is crucial to monitor for and address any potential hypoglycemia. Obtaining the client's HDL level (
B), monitoring thyroid function levels (
C), or collecting uric acid level (
D) are not relevant in this situation and would not provide immediate information on the client's condition.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving IV 0.9% sodium chloride for the treatment of hypovolemia. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication the treatment is effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Blood pressure 124/74 mm Hg. This finding indicates that the IV 0.9% sodium chloride treatment for hypovolemia is effective because a normal blood pressure range suggests adequate fluid volume and perfusion. A: Heart rate 104/min may indicate ongoing compensatory mechanisms due to hypovolemia. B: 2+ pitting edema in lower extremities suggests fluid overload rather than effective treatment. D: Increased hematocrit could indicate hemoconcentration due to dehydration, not necessarily effective treatment.