ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a child who was recently admitted for suspected rheumatic fever. The nurse should identify that which of the following laboratory tests can contribute to confirming this diagnosis? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,C,D
Rationale: The correct answer is B, C, and D.
B: C-reactive protein (CRP) is elevated in inflammatory conditions like rheumatic fever, indicating active inflammation.
C: Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) is also elevated in inflammatory conditions, supporting the diagnosis of rheumatic fever.
D: Antistreptolysin O (ASO) titer is used to detect a recent streptococcal infection, which can trigger rheumatic fever.
Incorrect choices:
A: Partial thromboplastin time (PTT) is not specific to rheumatic fever.
E: Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) is not relevant for diagnosing rheumatic fever.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the complete blood count results for a 4-year-old child who is receiving treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the treatment is having a therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: RBC count 5/mm3 (4 to 5.5/mm3). In patients receiving treatment for leukemia, a decrease in the RBC count is expected due to the suppression of bone marrow activity by chemotherapy. A decrease in the RBC count can indicate that the treatment is working by targeting and reducing the abnormal leukemic cells. This is a positive therapeutic effect as it indicates that the treatment is effectively targeting the cancer cells.
A: Hemoglobin 6.8 g/dL - Low hemoglobin indicates anemia, which is a common side effect of leukemia treatment but does not specifically indicate therapeutic effect.
B: Platelet count 98,000/mm3 - Low platelet count is common in leukemia due to bone marrow suppression, but it does not directly indicate therapeutic effect.
D: WBC count 15,000/mm3 - Elevated WBC count is expected in leukemia and may not reflect therapeutic effect.
Therefore, the correct answer is C as
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has impetigo contagiosa that developed in the hospital. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Initiate contact isolation precautions. Impetigo contagiosa is highly contagious, caused by bacteria, and spreads through direct contact. By initiating contact isolation precautions, the nurse can prevent the spread of the infection to other patients and healthcare workers. Administering amphotericin B IV (choice
A) is not appropriate for impetigo contagiosa as it is a fungal infection treatment. Applying lidocaine ointment topically (choice
B) is not indicated as impetigo contagiosa requires antibiotic treatment. Reporting the disease to the state health department (choice
D) is important but not the immediate action needed to prevent transmission within the hospital setting.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a 6-month-old infant who has respiratory syncytial virus. The nurse should immediately report which of the following findings to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Tachypnea. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause respiratory distress in infants. Tachypnea, or rapid breathing, is a concerning sign that indicates the infant is having difficulty breathing and may need immediate medical intervention. Reporting tachypnea promptly to the provider allows for timely assessment and appropriate treatment to prevent respiratory compromise.
Incorrect choices:
B: Coughing - While coughing is common in RSV, it is not as urgent as tachypnea in indicating respiratory distress.
C: Rhinorrhea - Runny nose is a common symptom of RSV but does not require immediate reporting as it is not a critical sign of distress.
D: Pharyngitis - Throat inflammation may occur with RSV but is not as urgent as tachypnea in indicating respiratory distress.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following placement of a halo vest to manage a cervical vertebral fracture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Reposition the client using a turning sheet. When caring for a client with a halo vest, repositioning using a turning sheet helps prevent skin breakdown and pressure ulcers. This action maintains proper alignment of the halo device and reduces the risk of complications. Encouraging flexion and extension of the neck (
Choice
A) is contraindicated as it can disrupt the stability of the halo device and potentially cause harm. Assessing the pin sites for infection once every other day (
Choice
C) is important but not the priority action in this scenario. Tightening the screws on the halo device (
Choice
D) should only be done by healthcare professionals as per specific instructions.