ATI RN
ATI Capstone Exam 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a client who has a pressure ulcer. The nurse should identify an elevation in which of the following laboratory values as an indication that the client has developed an infection?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: WBC count. An elevation in WBC count indicates the presence of infection as the body releases more white blood cells to fight off pathogens. In the case of a pressure ulcer, an increased WBC count suggests bacterial invasion and inflammation at the site of the ulcer. BUN (choice
B) and Potassium (choice
C) are not specific indicators of infection and are more related to kidney function and electrolyte balance, respectively.
Therefore, they are not appropriate for determining infection in this context.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse in a provider’s office is assessing a client who has rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Which of the following findings is a late manifestation?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Knuckle deformity. Knuckle deformity in rheumatoid arthritis is a late manifestation due to prolonged inflammation and joint damage. This occurs after the initial symptoms such as low-grade fever, weight loss, and anorexia. Low-grade fever, weight loss, and anorexia are early systemic manifestations of RA caused by inflammation and metabolic changes. Knuckle deformity indicates advanced joint damage and chronic inflammation.
Therefore, it is considered a late manifestation compared to the other options.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who asks how albuterol helps his breathing. Which of the following responses should the nurse make? (Select all that apply)
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C,D
Rationale:
C: The medication will prevent wheezing. Albuterol is a bronchodilator that works by relaxing the muscles in the airways, preventing and relieving wheezing.
D: The medication will open the airway. Albuterol acts by opening the airways, making it easier for the client to breathe.
Summary:
A: The medication will reduce inflammation. Albuterol does not directly reduce inflammation; it primarily works as a bronchodilator.
B: The medication will decrease coughing episodes. While albuterol may indirectly reduce coughing by improving breathing, its primary action is not to decrease coughing.
E: The medication will stimulate the flow of mucus. Albuterol does not stimulate mucus flow; it primarily works to open the airways and relieve bronchospasm.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new diagnosis of heart failure. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Notify the provider of a weight gain of 0.5 kg (1 lb) in a week. This is crucial in heart failure management as sudden weight gain can indicate fluid retention, worsening heart failure, and the need for medication adjustment. Option A is incorrect as naproxen can worsen heart failure symptoms. Option C is incorrect as diuretics should be taken in the morning to prevent nighttime urination. Option D is incorrect as the frequency and intensity of exercise should be tailored based on the individual's condition.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer amitriptyline 150 mg PO at bedtime. The amount available is amitriptyline 75 mg tablet. How many tablets should the nurse administer per dose? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
Correct Answer: 2
Rationale: The nurse should administer 2 tablets of amitriptyline 75 mg each to achieve a total dose of 150 mg. Since each tablet is 75 mg, 2 tablets would equal 150 mg. This ensures the patient receives the prescribed dose accurately. Other choices are incorrect because administering 1 tablet would result in only 75 mg, insufficient for the prescribed dose. Administering 3 tablets would exceed the prescribed dose, leading to potential overdose.
Choices above 3 tablets are also incorrect as they would significantly exceed the prescribed 150 mg dose, risking adverse effects.