ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the complete blood count results for a 4-year-old child who is receiving treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the treatment is having a therapeutic effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: RBC count 5/mm3 (4 to 5.5/mm3). In the context of acute lymphoblastic leukemia treatment, a therapeutic effect is indicated by a normal or near-normal RBC count. This is because leukemia often leads to suppression of normal blood cell production, resulting in low RBC counts.
Therefore, an RBC count within the normal range suggests that the treatment is effectively targeting the leukemia cells and allowing the bone marrow to produce healthy red blood cells.
Choice A is incorrect because a hemoglobin level of 6.8 g/dL is low, indicating anemia, which is a common side effect of leukemia and not a sign of therapeutic effect.
Choice B is incorrect because a platelet count of 98,000/mm3 is below the normal range and indicates thrombocytopenia, which is also a common side effect of leukemia treatment.
Choice D is incorrect because a WBC count of 15,000/mm3
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who has acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that treatment has been effective?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Clear urine. In acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, the kidneys become inflamed and may present with hematuria and proteinuria. Clear urine indicates resolution of these symptoms, reflecting improved kidney function. A: Temperature and D: Odorless urine are unrelated to the condition. B: No pain with voiding is important but not a direct indicator of treatment effectiveness. Other choices are not relevant.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has impetigo contagiosa that developed in the hospital. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Initiate contact isolation precautions. Impetigo contagiosa is a highly contagious skin infection caused by bacteria. Contact isolation precautions are necessary to prevent the spread of the infection to others. Administering amphotericin B IV (choice
A) is used for fungal infections, not bacterial infections like impetigo. Applying lidocaine ointment topically (choice
B) is for pain relief and does not treat the underlying infection. Reporting the disease to the state health department (choice
D) is important for tracking outbreaks but does not directly address immediate patient care.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a child who has measles. Which of the following areas should the nurse inspect for Koplik spots?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Inside of the cheeks. Koplik spots are small white spots with a bluish-white center on the buccal mucosa opposite the molars. These spots are specific to measles and appear before the characteristic rash. Inspecting the inside of the cheeks allows the nurse to identify these spots early, aiding in prompt diagnosis and appropriate management. The other areas listed (forehead, chest, back) are not associated with the presence of Koplik spots in measles.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has a new diagnosis of heart failure about nutrition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Implement a 3 hr feeding schedule. In heart failure, infants may have difficulty feeding due to increased work of breathing. Implementing a 3 hr feeding schedule ensures the infant has enough time to rest and conserve energy between feedings, reducing the risk of fatigue and respiratory distress.
Choices A and D are incorrect as they do not address the specific needs of an infant with heart failure.
Choice B is incorrect as placing the infant in a recumbent position during feeding can worsen respiratory distress.