ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
School-age child admitted, diagnosed with cystic fibrosis at 3 months of age, has experienced failure to thrive, and has chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The child presents with wheezing, rhonchi, paroxysmal cough, and dyspnea. The parent reports large, frothy, foul-smelling stools. The child has deficient levels of vitamin A, D, E, and K. Barrel-shaped chest, Clubbing of the fingers bilaterally, Respiratory rate 40/min with wheezing and rhonchi noted bilaterally, dyspnea, and paroxysmal cough
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the child's medical record. Which of the following medications should the nurse expect the provider to prescribe or reconcile from the child's home medication list? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: B,D
Rationale: The correct answers are B (Dornase alfa) and D (Pancreatic Apase) because they are specific medications used for respiratory and pancreatic conditions in children. Dornase alfa is used in cystic fibrosis to help clear mucus, and Pancreatic Apase aids in digestion. Water-soluble vitamins (
A) are typically available over the counter and not usually prescribed. Acetaminophen (
C) is a common over-the-counter pain reliever. Meperidine (E) is a narcotic pain medication not commonly used in children due to safety concerns.
Extract:
Medication Administration Record - Diphenhydramine 10 mg PO 4 times per day - Pimecrolimus 1% cream apply to skin lesions daily
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following statements should the nurse plan to include in the discharge instructions for the child's guardian? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D,F,G
Rationale: The correct answer includes statements A, B, C, D, F, and G. A: Using a mild detergent is important to prevent skin irritation. B: Applying gloves can protect the hands from further damage. C: Cutting and filing fingernails prevent scratching and infection. D: Emollients after bathing help maintain skin moisture. F: Mentioning that the condition is contagious when lesions are present helps prevent spread. G: Informing about occasional flare-ups prepares the guardian for future management. These instructions aim to promote hygiene, prevent exacerbations, and manage the child's condition effectively.
Extract:
Nurses notes 0930: Parent presents child to provider's office. Parent reports the child has had a fever for 2 days and that the child has cried more than usual. Parent also reports the child has had a decreased appetite for the last 24 hr. Child febrile and lethargic. 0945: Notified provider of parent reports and child's fever. New prescriptions received. 1000: Urine sample obtained via sterile straight catheter.
Question 3 of 5
The child is at risk for developing ___ and ___.
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: The correct answer is A (pyelonephritis) and B (renal scarring). Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the kidneys, common in children, leading to kidney inflammation and scarring. Renal scarring can result from untreated or recurrent pyelonephritis, impairing kidney function. Nephrotic syndrome (
C) is characterized by proteinuria and edema, not directly associated with pyelonephritis. Acute glomerulonephritis (
D) is also a kidney inflammation but typically caused by immune responses, not directly related to pyelonephritis. Polycystic kidney (E) is a genetic disorder causing cysts in the kidneys, not a risk associated with pyelonephritis.
Extract:
History and Physical A 15-year-old adolescent is admitted for a vaso-occlusive crisis. The parent reports that the adolescent has a low-grade fever and has vomited for 3 days. The adolescent reports having right-sided and low back pain. They also report hands and right knee are painful and swollen. The client reports pain as 8 on a scale of 0 to 10.
Question 4 of 5
Select the 5 interventions the nurse should include.
Correct Answer: A,B,E,H
Rationale: The correct choices are A, B, E, and H. A is correct as folic acid is essential for pregnant women to prevent neural tube defects. B is correct to monitor oxygen saturation in a patient with respiratory issues. E is crucial to ensure vaccination for prevention. H should also be included as it is important to maintain proper hydration.
Choices C, D, F, and G are incorrect. C is unnecessary for this situation. D should not be chosen unless specifically indicated. F is not recommended for all cases, and G is not the appropriate pain management for this scenario.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes 0730: Child presents to the emergency department (ED). Guardians report the child woke up coughing with a low-grade fever. Child appears alert and restless in guardian's arms. Respirations easy, no cough noted. 0800: Child became agitated. Hoarse cry noted with audible inspiratory stridor. Barking, non-productive cough present.
Question 5 of 5
For each of the following findings, click to specify if the finding is consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis or pneumonia.
| Finding | acute laryngotracheobronchitis | pneumonia |
|---|---|---|
| Temperature | ||
| Cough findings at 0800 | ||
| Irritability | ||
| Stridor |
Correct Answer: A: Acute laryngotracheobronchitis and Pneumonia, (B: C: D:) Acute laryngotracheobronchitis
Rationale:
To determine if a finding is consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis or pneumonia, we need to consider the common symptoms of each condition.
For temperature, both acute laryngotracheobronchitis and pneumonia can present with fever. So, indicates that temperature is consistent with both conditions.
Cough findings at 0800 are more indicative of pneumonia due to productive cough with purulent sputum, so (0, 1, 0) would not be consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis.
Irritability can be seen in both conditions due to respiratory distress, so (0, 0, 1) is consistent with both.
Stridor is a hallmark of acute laryngotracheobronchitis, making (0, 0, 1) consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis.
Therefore, the