ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2019 Exam 6 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing agency protocol prior to administering epoetin alfa to a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Discard the vial of medication if the solution is cloudy. This is because epoetin alfa is a clear solution, and a cloudy solution may indicate contamination or degradation of the medication, which could be harmful to the client. Shaking the vial (choice
A) can cause foaming and should be avoided. Thawing the medication (choice
B) is not necessary as epoetin alfa should be stored in the refrigerator. Diluting with sterile water (choice
C) is not indicated as it may alter the concentration of the medication.
Therefore, the nurse should discard the vial if the solution is cloudy to ensure the client's safety.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is interviewing a client who was newly admitted prior to administering medications. The client tells the nurse, 'I forgot to tell the doctor take albuterol for asthma.' For which of the following medications should the nurse withhold the dose and notify the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Propranolol. Albuterol is a bronchodilator used for asthma, which can interact with Propranolol, a beta-blocker, leading to decreased effectiveness of both medications. The nurse should withhold the dose of Propranolol and notify the provider to avoid potential adverse effects. Montelukast (
A) is a leukotriene receptor antagonist for asthma, unrelated to albuterol. Pantoprazole (
B) is a proton pump inhibitor for acid reflux, not contraindicated with albuterol. Isosorbide mononitrate (
C) is a nitrate used for angina, not related to albuterol use.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is to start therapy with lovastatin. The nurse should prepare the client for which of the following diagnostic assessments?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Liver function tests. Lovastatin is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol levels, and it can potentially cause liver damage. Liver function tests should be done before starting therapy and periodically during treatment to monitor for any liver abnormalities. This assessment is crucial to ensure the safety and effectiveness of the medication.
Choices A, C, and D are not directly related to lovastatin therapy and are not standard diagnostic assessments for clients taking this medication.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a group of clients. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the provider before administering?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Warfarin 100 units subcutaneously daily. Warfarin is an anticoagulant medication, and the dose is typically measured in milligrams, not units.
Therefore, the nurse should clarify the prescription with the provider to confirm the correct dosage before administering.
A: Zoledronate is given as a one-time dose, so clarification is not necessary.
B: Penicillin G is given at a specific dose and frequency, so clarification is not necessary.
D: Tetracycline is given at a specific dose and frequency, so clarification is not necessary.
In summary, the nurse should clarify the prescription for Warfarin as it is not commonly measured in units, unlike the other medications listed.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has hyponatremia and is receiving an infusion of a prescribed hypertonic solution. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the treatment is effective?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Improved cognition. Hyponatremia is characterized by low sodium levels in the blood, leading to neurological symptoms such as confusion, lethargy, and cognitive impairment. By providing a hypertonic solution to increase sodium levels, the nurse would expect to see an improvement in the client's cognition as the sodium levels normalize. This indicates that the treatment is effective in addressing the underlying issue of hyponatremia.
Choices A, B, and C are incorrect because they do not directly relate to the effectiveness of the treatment for hyponatremia. Cardiac arrhythmias can be a complication of hyponatremia but their absence does not necessarily indicate treatment effectiveness. Decreased vomiting may improve the client's symptoms, but it does not specifically indicate correction of the underlying electrolyte imbalance. Chvastek's sign is used to assess for hypocalcemia, not hyponatremia.