ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 retake 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing a client's medical history before administering a new prescription for atropine. Which of the following client conditions is contraindicated?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Glaucoma. Atropine is contraindicated in clients with glaucoma because it can increase intraocular pressure, worsening the condition. Glaucoma is a condition characterized by increased pressure within the eye, and atropine can exacerbate this issue.
Therefore, it is crucial to avoid administering atropine to clients with glaucoma to prevent potential harm to their eyesight.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they are not known contraindications for atropine administration.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the client is experiencing fluid volume deficit?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Elevated hematocrit level. Furosemide is a diuretic that promotes fluid loss. A decreased fluid volume in the body can lead to hemoconcentration, resulting in an elevated hematocrit level. This indicates fluid volume deficit. Distended neck veins (choice
A) are typically seen in fluid volume excess. Shortness of breath (choice
C) is a common symptom of heart failure and fluid overload, not fluid deficit. Weight gain (choice
D) is also a sign of fluid excess, not deficit.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving parenteral nutrition and identifies that the client has hypoglycemia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer IV dextrose. Hypoglycemia in a client receiving parenteral nutrition indicates low blood sugar levels and requires immediate intervention to prevent complications like neurologic impairment or cardiac arrhythmias. Administering IV dextrose will quickly raise the client's blood sugar levels. Discontinuing the infusion (option
A) would further lower the client's blood sugar. Obtaining arterial blood gases (option
B) is not necessary for addressing hypoglycemia. Warming the formula to room temperature (option
C) is not the priority when dealing with hypoglycemia.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking phenelzine and reports eating aged cheese. Which of the following is a manifestation of an interaction between the medication and the food?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hypertension. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can interact with tyramine-rich foods like aged cheese, leading to a hypertensive crisis. Tyramine can displace norepinephrine, causing a sudden increase in blood pressure. Bradycardia (
B), somnolence (
C), and diarrhea (
D) are not typically associated with this interaction. It is important for the nurse to assess for signs of hypertension and educate the client to avoid tyramine-rich foods to prevent adverse effects.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has received oxycodone. The nurse notes that the client's respiratory rate is 8/min. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the pathophysiology for the client's respiratory rate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Oxycodone causes central nervous system depression. Oxycodone is an opioid that acts on the central nervous system, specifically the brainstem, to depress respiratory drive. This leads to a decreased respiratory rate, as seen in the client with a rate of 8/min. The other options are incorrect because: A: Oxycodone does not inhibit prostaglandin synthesis. B: Oxycodone does not promote vasodilation of cranial arteries. C: Oxycodone does not block the sodium channel suspending nerve conduction. In summary, the client's decreased respiratory rate is due to the central nervous system depressant effect of oxycodone.