ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reviewing a client's 0800 laboratory values at 1100. The nurse notes that the client received heparin at 1000. Which of the following laboratory values warrants an incident report?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: ePTT 90 seconds. Heparin is a medication used to prevent blood clots. The nurse administering heparin should monitor the client's ePTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) values, with the therapeutic range typically around 60-80 seconds. A value of 90 seconds indicates the client may be at risk for bleeding due to excessive anticoagulation. This warrants an incident report to document the deviation from the expected therapeutic range and initiate appropriate interventions.
Choices B, C, and D are within normal ranges and do not directly relate to heparin administration, so they do not warrant an incident report.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client following the administration of ondansetron (Zofran). Which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the ondansetron has been effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Client reports a decrease in nausea. Ondansetron is an antiemetic medication commonly used to treat nausea and vomiting.
Therefore, a decrease in nausea would indicate that the medication has been effective in managing the client's symptoms.
Incorrect answers:
A: Client reports a decrease in pain - Ondansetron is not indicated for pain relief.
C: Client reports a decrease in coughing - Ondansetron does not treat coughing.
D: Client reports a decrease in diarrhea - Ondansetron does not target diarrhea.
In summary, the key to identifying the correct answer is understanding the purpose of ondansetron as an antiemetic medication, making choice B the most appropriate indicator of its effectiveness.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about the administration of omeprazole. Which of the following should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Rationale: The correct answer is C: You should take this medication before meals. Omeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor that works best when taken before meals to inhibit gastric acid secretion. Taking it before meals maximizes its effectiveness.
Choice A is incorrect because omeprazole can be taken with antacids if necessary.
Choice B is incorrect as there is no need to reduce calcium intake while taking omeprazole.
Choice D is incorrect because taking a second dose without consulting a healthcare provider can lead to an overdose.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who reports taking over-the-counter antacids. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of hypercalcemia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Constipation. Hypercalcemia, an elevated calcium level in the blood, can lead to constipation due to the inhibitory effect of excess calcium on smooth muscle contraction in the gastrointestinal tract. Decreased urine output (choice
B) is typically associated with dehydration rather than hypercalcemia. Positive Trousseau's sign (choice
C) is a sign of hypocalcemia, not hypercalcemia. Headache (choice
D) is a nonspecific symptom and is not a common manifestation of hypercalcemia.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing a client's 0800 laboratory values at 1100. The nurse notes that the client received heparin at 1000. Which of the following laboratory values warrants an incident report?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: ePTT 90 seconds. Heparin is a medication used to prevent blood clots. The nurse administering heparin should monitor the client's ePTT (activated partial thromboplastin time) values, with the therapeutic range typically around 60-80 seconds. A value of 90 seconds indicates the client may be at risk for bleeding due to excessive anticoagulation. This warrants an incident report to document the deviation from the expected therapeutic range and initiate appropriate interventions.
Choices B, C, and D are within normal ranges and do not directly relate to heparin administration, so they do not warrant an incident report.