ATI RN
ATI N 144 Exam 1 Fundamental Concepts for Nursing Practice Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a young adult client who has a family history of osteoporosis. Which of the following health promotion activities should the nurse recommend?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Weight-bearing exercise such as walking jogging or dancing helps to strengthen the bones and prevent osteoporosis. It also improves muscle strength balance and coordination which can reduce the risk of falls and fractures. Annual bone density scans are not needed for young adults unless specific risks are present. Magnesium supplements lack strong evidence for osteoporosis prevention. Coffee can reduce calcium absorption increasing osteoporosis risk.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for an older adult client who is receiving intravenous fluids at 150 mL/hr. Upon assessment,the nurse notes crackles shortness of breath and jugular vein distention. Based on this data which complication of IV fluid therapy does the nurse anticipate?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Fluid volume excess is a condition in which the body retains more fluid than it needs resulting in edema hypertension and heart failure. It is a potential complication of IV fluid therapy especially in older adults who have reduced renal function and cardiac output. The nurse's assessment findings of crackles shortness of breath and jugular vein distention are indicative of fluid overload and pulmonary congestion. Fluid volume deficit would present with dehydration and hypotension which are not indicated here. Speed shock is related to rapid medication administration not fluid therapy. Pulmonary embolism involves a blockage in pulmonary arteries typically with symptoms like chest pain and hemoptysis not fluid overload signs.
Question 3 of 5
Which statement suggests that the RN understands delegation in the concept of time management?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: This is the correct answer because it shows that the RN understands delegation as a way of managing time effectively. Delegation is the process of assigning tasks to other members of the health care team who are competent and qualified to perform them. By working with the LPN and nursing assistant on dividing up patient care tasks the RN can ensure that the tasks are done safely efficiently and according to the scope of practice of each team member. Overtime work excessive checking or completing all tasks personally indicate poor time management and delegation skills.
Question 4 of 5
Which intervention is an example of the RN working in a health promotion role through primary prevention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Administering a vaccine to a well child is an example of primary prevention which aims to prevent disease before it occurs by reducing risk factors. Vaccines protect against infectious diseases. The other options involve secondary (wound care) or tertiary (glucose monitoring nebulizer) prevention addressing existing conditions or complications.
Question 5 of 5
The RN receives a call from the lab that a client's potassium chloride (KCl) level is 6.6 (normal range is 3.5 to 5 mEq/L). What should the nurse do first?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Stopping the KCl infusion is the first and most urgent action that the nurse should take. A high level of potassium in the blood or hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and muscle weakness. The nurse should stop the source of excess potassium which is the KCl infusion and monitor the client’s vital signs electrocardiogram and symptoms. Administering more KCl or encouraging fluids without stopping the infusion would worsen the condition. Calling the pharmacy is secondary to stopping the infusion.