ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of a 2-year-old child about typical toddler behavior. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A.
Toddlers thrive on routines and consistency, which provide them with security and predictability. B.
Toddlers are in a stage of development where they assert their independence and autonomy by saying 'no' or 'mine' to almost everything. This is a normal and healthy behavior that reflects their growing sense of self and identity. The nurse should explain to the guardian that this behavior is not meant to be defiant or disrespectful, but rather a way of exploring their environment and expressing their preferences. C.
Toddlers are typically emotionally labile, meaning they can experience rapid changes in mood and emotions. D.
Toddlers may display increased independence rather than increased dependency as they strive to assert their autonomy.
Extract:
Nurse Notes: Child presents to the emergency department (ED). Guardians report the child woke up coughing with a low-grade fever. Child appears alert and restless in guardian's arms. Respirations easy, no cough noted. 0800: Child became agitated. Hoarse cry noted with audible inspiratory stridor. Barking, non-productive cough present. Vital Signs: 0730: Tympanic temperature 38.1 C (100.6 F), Heart rate 95/min, Respiratory rate 20/min, Oxygen saturation 98% on room air. 0800: Tympanic temperature 38.2 C (100.6 F), Heart rate 95/min, Respiratory rate 20/min, Oxygen saturation 96% on room air. Provider Prescription: Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim 8 mg TMP/kg/day PO, Salicylic acid 20 mg/kg/dose every 4 hr as needed for pain and fever
Question 2 of 5
For each of the following findings, click to specify if the finding is consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis or pneumonia. Each finding may support more than one disease process.
| Finding | Acute laryngotracheobronchitis | pneumonia |
|---|---|---|
| Irritability | ||
| Cough findings at 0800 | ||
| Stridor | ||
| Temperature |
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: A. Both acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) and pneumonia can cause irritability in a child due to discomfort from respiratory symptoms and fever. B. The presence of a barking, non-productive cough at 0800 is consistent with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup), as it is a characteristic symptom. Pneumonia can also present with cough, but it is typically productive and associated with other respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea and crackles. C. Stridor, an inspiratory wheezing sound, is a hallmark symptom of acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) due to inflammation and narrowing of the upper airway. It is not typically associated with pneumonia. D. Fever can occur in both acute laryngotracheobronchitis (croup) and pneumonia. In this case, the tympanic temperatures of 38.1°C and 38.2°C are consistent with both conditions. However, pneumonia may present with higher fevers compared to croup.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following placement of a halo vest to manage a cervical vertebral fracture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. Encouraging flexion and extension of the neck is contraindicated in a client with a halo vest to prevent further injury to the cervical spine. B. Repositioning the client using a turning sheet helps to maintain proper alignment and prevent complications such as pressure ulcers. C. Assessing the pin sites for infection should be done daily, not once every other day, to monitor for signs of infection. D. Tightening the screws on the halo device should be done as prescribed by the healthcare provider and typically does not occur every 48 hours.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who is receiving prednisolone. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. Stevens-Johnson syndrome is a severe adverse reaction associated with certain medications but is not typically associated with prednisolone. B. Prolonged wound healing is a potential adverse effect of corticosteroid therapy such as prednisolone. C. Hypotension is not a common adverse effect of prednisolone. D. Renal failure is not typically associated with prednisolone use.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who has epiglottitis due to an infection with Haemophilus influenzae type B. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C,D,E
Rationale: A. Inspecting the epiglottis is contraindicated in suspected cases of epiglottitis as it may trigger laryngospasm and compromise the airway. B. Obtaining a throat culture may be indicated to confirm the presence of Haemophilus influenzae type B but is not an immediate priority in the management of epiglottitis. C. Monitoring oxygen saturation is crucial as respiratory distress and hypoxia are common complications of epiglottitis. D. Beginning droplet precautions is important to prevent the spread of the infectious agent to others. E. Initiating IV access is necessary for administering fluids and medications, as well as for potential airway management in severe cases of epiglottitis.