ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatrics 2023 Questions
Extract:
2-year-old child
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of a 2-year-old child about typical toddler behavior. Which of the following behaviors should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Frequent negative responses.
Toddlers often exhibit frequent negative responses as they are exploring boundaries and asserting independence. This behavior is a common part of toddler development as they learn to express their emotions and preferences. Increased dependency (
A) is not typically seen in toddlers, as they are striving for autonomy. Less emotionally labile (
B) suggests stability in emotions, which is not characteristic of toddler behavior.
Toddlers thrive on routines, so they are not usually resistant to routines (
C).
Extract:
Toddler who weighs 12 kg (26.5 lb) postoperative following open-heart surgery
Question 2 of 5
A nurse on a pediatric intensive care unit is caring for a toddler who weighs 12 kg (26.5 lb) and is postoperative following open-heart surgery. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Urine output of 15 mL in the last 2 hr. In a postoperative pediatric patient, a low urine output can indicate inadequate renal perfusion, which could be a sign of decreased cardiac output or dehydration. This finding is crucial to report to the provider as it may indicate a need for intervention to optimize the patient's fluid status and cardiac function.
The other choices are incorrect because:
B: Pedal and posterior tibial pulses of 2+ indicate adequate peripheral perfusion.
C: Skin temperature of 36°C is within the normal range for pediatric patients.
D: Drainage from the chest tube of 22 mL in the last hour is expected postoperatively and does not indicate an immediate concern.
In summary, the low urine output is the most critical finding that requires immediate attention to ensure the toddler's optimal recovery and well-being.
Extract:
School-age child receiving morphine
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who is receiving morphine. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Bradypnea. Morphine is an opioid that can depress the respiratory system, leading to decreased respiratory rate known as bradypnea. The nurse should monitor the child for signs of respiratory depression such as shallow breathing, decreased oxygen saturation, and altered mental status. Hypertension (choice
A) is not a common adverse effect of morphine; Stevens-Johnson syndrome (choice
B) is a severe skin reaction typically caused by medications like antibiotics, not opioids like morphine; Prolonged wound healing (choice
C) is not directly associated with morphine use.
Extract:
School-age child receiving cefazolin
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who is receiving cefazolin. For which of the following adverse effects should the nurse monitor?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Stevens-Johnson syndrome. Cefazolin belongs to the class of antibiotics known as cephalosporins, which can rarely cause severe skin reactions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome. This syndrome presents with flu-like symptoms followed by a painful red or purplish rash that spreads and blisters. It is a serious and potentially life-threatening reaction that requires immediate medical attention. The other options are not typically associated with cefazolin. Hypotension is more commonly seen with medications like vasopressors, prolonged wound healing is not a known side effect of cefazolin, and bradypnea is not a typical adverse effect of this medication. Monitoring for Stevens-Johnson syndrome is crucial to promptly identify and manage this severe reaction.
Extract:
7-year-old client who weighs 18.1 kg (39.9 lb) admitted with a UTI. Child reports pain and burning upon urination and feeling like they need to go to the bathroom all the time. Child's guardian reports the client has been incontinent of urine the past 2 nights and that the urine has a very strong odor. Vital Signs 0715: Temperature 38° C (100.4° F), Heart rate 80/min, Respiratory rate 22/min, Blood pressure 106/65 mm Hg. 0930: Temperature 38.4° C (101.1° F), Heart rate 90/min, Respiratory rate 23/min, Blood pressure 105/65 mm Hg. Provider Prescriptions: Sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim 8 mg TMP/kg/day PO, Salicylic acid 20 mg/kg/dose every 4 hr as needed for pain and fever
Question 5 of 5
For each the following interventions, click to specify if the potential intervention is anticipated or contraindicated for the client.
| Intervention | Anticipated | Contraindicated |
|---|---|---|
| Educate the child about proper perineal hygiene. | ||
| Advise child's guardian about the use of sunscreen. | ||
| Administer salicylic acid for pain and fever. | ||
| Administer sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim. | ||
| Ensure the child receives a maximum of 1,200 mL/day of fluid. |
Correct Answer: A: Anticipated, B: Contraindicated, C: Contraindicated, D: Anticipated, E: Contraindicated
Rationale: [1, 0, 0, 1, 0]
For choice A, educating the child about proper perineal hygiene is anticipated as it promotes health.
Choice B, advising about sunscreen, is contraindicated as it may not be relevant to the client's condition.
Choice C, administering salicylic acid, is contraindicated as it can be harmful due to potential side effects.
Choice D, administering sulfamethoxazole and trimethoprim, is anticipated for treating infections.
Choice E, limiting fluid intake, is contraindicated as it can lead to dehydration.