ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to the guardian of an 11-month-old infant who has acute diarrhea. Which of the following food items should the nurse instruct the parent to provide to the infant?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Oral electrolyte solution. This is the best choice for an infant with acute diarrhea to prevent dehydration due to fluid loss. Oral electrolyte solution helps replenish lost fluids and electrolytes, maintaining hydration. Applesauce, white grape juice, and chicken soup are not recommended for infants with acute diarrhea as they may exacerbate symptoms or do not provide the necessary hydration and electrolyte balance. It is crucial to choose a solution specifically designed for infants to ensure proper hydration and recovery.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer immunizations to a 3-month-old infant. Which of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take to deliver atraumatic care?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B - Provide a pacifier coated with an oral sucrose solution prior to the injections.
Rationale: Providing a pacifier coated with an oral sucrose solution helps to reduce pain perception and can soothe the infant during the immunization process. The sweet taste of sucrose triggers the infant's natural pain-relieving mechanisms, leading to decreased discomfort.
Summary of other choices:
A: Injecting the immunizations into the deltoid muscle may cause more pain and discomfort to the infant as this area is more sensitive.
C: Using a 20-gauge needle may increase pain perception due to its larger size, which is not ideal for atraumatic care.
D: Applying EMLA cream may be effective for pain relief, but it is not as quick-acting as providing oral sucrose solution before the injections.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is planning to teach an adolescent who is lactose intolerant about dietary guidelines. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "You can replace milk with nondairy sources of calcium." This is the best instruction because it addresses the issue of lactose intolerance by suggesting alternative sources of calcium. Nondairy sources like leafy green vegetables, tofu, and fortified foods can provide adequate calcium without causing digestive issues.
Choice B is incorrect because lactose intolerance is a reaction to the lactose sugar in milk, not the type of milk. Plain or chocolate milk both contain lactose.
Choice C is incorrect as flavored yogurt often contains added sugars which may exacerbate digestive issues for someone with lactose intolerance.
Choice D is incorrect because consuming milk on an empty stomach won't change the fact that it contains lactose, which can still cause discomfort for someone with lactose intolerance.
Overall, choice A is the best option as it provides a practical and effective solution for meeting calcium needs while managing lactose intolerance.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is prioritizing care for four clients. Which of the following clients should the nurse assess first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: An adolescent who has sickle cell anemia and slurred speech. This client should be assessed first because slurred speech could indicate a potential stroke, a life-threatening complication of sickle cell anemia. The nurse needs to act quickly to rule out this serious condition and initiate appropriate interventions.
Choices A, B, and D, while important, do not pose immediate life-threatening risks compared to the potential stroke in choice C. Care for the toddler with osteomyelitis can be safely delayed for a brief period, the adolescent in skin traction can be managed with pain medications until the nurse assesses the client with slurred speech, and the toddler with a burn can wait for the dressing change while the nurse addresses the urgent situation with the adolescent.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning care for a child who has a prescription to transfuse 2 units of packed RBCs. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A - Infuse the packed RBC within 4 hours.
Rationale: Infusing packed RBCs within 4 hours is crucial to ensure the effectiveness and safety of the transfusion. Prolonged infusion time can lead to hemolysis and decrease the viability of the RBCs. It is essential to follow the prescribed rate of infusion to prevent adverse reactions and complications.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
B: Infusing dextrose 5% in water during the infusion of packed RBCs is unnecessary and can potentially lead to dilution of the RBCs, affecting their therapeutic effect.
C: Storing the second unit of blood at room temperature for up to 2 hours is incorrect as blood products should be stored according to specific guidelines to maintain their integrity and prevent bacterial growth.
D: Administering RBCs using non-filtered IV tubing can introduce contaminants into the bloodstream, leading to infection or adverse reactions. It is essential to use filtered IV