ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is receiving intermittent parenteral metronidazole. Which of the following conditions should the nurse recognize as an indication for this medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Endocarditis. Metronidazole is commonly used to treat anaerobic infections, including endocarditis caused by anaerobic bacteria. Endocarditis is an infection of the inner lining of the heart chambers and valves, which metronidazole is effective against. Kidney transplant (
A) is not a direct indication for metronidazole use. Seizures (
C) are a potential side effect of metronidazole, not an indication for its use. Hypokalemia (
D) is an electrolyte imbalance and not a direct indication for metronidazole.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has muscarinic agonist poisoning. Following administration of atropine, which of the following findings should indicate to the nurse that the treatment has been effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Heart rate 90/min. Atropine is given to treat muscarinic agonist poisoning by blocking the effects of excessive acetylcholine, which slows down the heart rate.
Therefore, if the heart rate increases to a more normal range like 90/min after atropine administration, it indicates that the treatment has been effective in reversing the toxic effects. The other choices are incorrect because hyperactive bowel sounds (
A) and increased salivation (
D) are symptoms of muscarinic agonist poisoning that atropine would aim to reduce. Similarly, low blood pressure (
C) is a common symptom of muscarinic agonist poisoning and atropine would aim to increase blood pressure by reversing the effects of excessive acetylcholine.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has hypertension and has started taking lisinopril. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Eyelid edema. Lisinopril, an ACE inhibitor, can cause angioedema, which is a serious side effect. Angioedema can lead to swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat, potentially causing airway obstruction. This is a life-threatening condition that requires immediate medical attention. Reporting eyelid edema to the provider promptly can prevent complications.
Choices B, C, and D are common side effects of lisinopril but are not typically considered urgent or life-threatening.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking combination oral contraceptives. Which of the following findings should the nurse report to the provider immediately?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Leg tenderness. This finding could indicate deep vein thrombosis (DVT), a serious side effect of oral contracepters. DVT can lead to life-threatening complications like pulmonary embolism. Cramps, abdominal bloating, and nausea are common side effects of oral contraceptives and not typically urgent. Leg tenderness is a red flag for DVT and requires immediate attention to prevent complications.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a continuous IV infusion. The nurse notes that the client has developed phlebitis at the IV site. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Apply a cool compress at the IV site. Phlebitis is inflammation of the vein, and applying a cool compress can help reduce inflammation and discomfort. Elevating the extremity (choice
A) may help with swelling but won't address the inflammation directly. Decreasing the flow rate (choice
B) may not resolve the phlebitis and could impact the effectiveness of the infusion. Aspirating fluid from the catheter (choice
D) is not recommended as it can introduce infection or dislodge the catheter.