ATI RN
ATI Medical Surgical Proctored Exam 2023 With NGN Questions and Correct Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is considering a total hip arthroplasty. The client asks the nurse, 'What happens if I need a blood transfusion during my surgery?' Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "You can donate your own blood a few weeks prior to this surgery." This is the best option because it addresses the client's concern about needing a blood transfusion during surgery by suggesting an effective proactive measure. Donating your own blood before surgery, known as autologous donation, ensures that you have your own blood available if needed, reducing the risk of transfusion reactions and complications. It allows for a personalized and safe option in case of blood loss during the procedure.
As for the other options:
A: This statement does not provide relevant information about blood transfusions.
B: This statement is inaccurate as total hip arthroplasty can result in significant blood loss requiring a transfusion.
D: While using screened donor blood reduces the risk of infusion reactions, it does not address the client's specific concern about needing a transfusion during surgery.
Therefore, option C is the most appropriate response as it directly addresses the client's query and offers a practical solution.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is planning care for an older adult client who has a history of dementia and is admitted following surgical repair of a hip fracture. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Play soft, soothing music. This is beneficial for the older adult with dementia post-surgery as music has been shown to reduce anxiety, improve mood, and promote relaxation. It can also help in reducing agitation and promoting better sleep. Encouraging frequent visits from friends (
A) may overwhelm the client. Applying restraints to the upper extremities (
B) can lead to increased agitation and discomfort. Keeping the over-the-bed light on (
D) may disrupt sleep patterns and worsen confusion.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has just returned from surgery with an external fixator to the left tibia. Which of the following assessment findings requires immediate intervention by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. Capillary refill time of 6 seconds in the toe indicates poor circulation, which is a concerning finding post-surgery with an external fixator. Immediate intervention is needed to prevent complications like tissue ischemia.
Choices B, C, and D do not require immediate intervention as they are within normal limits postoperatively. Blood in the drain is expected, the temperature is normal, and pain level 7 is manageable with appropriate pain management.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is planning to withdraw medication from an ampule to prepare for an injection. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Place a paper towel around the ampule's neck to break off the top with both hands. This method helps prevent injury as the paper towel provides grip and protection. Breaking the ampule's top with both hands reduces the risk of glass shards. Using a needleless system (
A) is not necessary for breaking an ampule. Disposing the top in a sharps container (
C) is important, but it is not the immediate action for withdrawing medication. Expelling air into the ampule (
D) is unnecessary and may introduce air bubbles into the medication.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an exacerbation of heart failure. Which of the following findings indicate potential improvement?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Potassium 4.3 mEq/L (3.5 to 5 mEq/L). In heart failure exacerbation, potassium levels can be affected due to medications or fluid shifts. A potassium level within the normal range indicates electrolyte balance, which is crucial for cardiac function. Hemoglobin (
Choice
A) and hematocrit (
Choice
B) are indicators of oxygen-carrying capacity and volume status, not directly related to heart failure improvement. White blood cell count (
Choice
C) is not specific to heart failure exacerbation.
Therefore, the correct answer is D as it reflects a positive change in electrolyte balance, essential for cardiac function.