ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Proctored Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for theophylline, a sustained-released capsule. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will need to have blood levels drawn." This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because theophylline levels need to be monitored to ensure the medication is at a therapeutic level and not reaching toxic levels. Regular blood tests are necessary to adjust the dosage as needed.
Choice A is incorrect because theophylline should not be taken with coffee as caffeine can interact with the medication.
Choice B is incorrect as the sustained-release capsule should not be opened or sprinkled in food as it can alter the drug absorption rate.
Choice C is incorrect because fluid intake should actually be increased while on theophylline to prevent dehydration and help with drug elimination.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is mixing regular insulin and NPH insulin in the same syringe prior to administering it to a client who has diabetes mellitus. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C. The nurse should first inject air into the NPH vial before withdrawing the insulin. This step ensures proper pressure within the vial, making it easier to withdraw the desired dose without creating a vacuum. Injecting air into the regular insulin vial first could lead to contamination as air bubbles may be pushed into the insulin. Withdrawing either insulin first could result in an inaccurate dose. Injecting air into both vials is unnecessary and may increase the risk of contamination.
Therefore, injecting air into the NPH insulin vial is the first essential step in preparing the mixed insulin correctly.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who has sinusitis and a new prescription for cefuroxime. Which of the following client information is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The client has a history of a severe penicillin allergy. This is the priority for the nurse to report to the provider because cefuroxime belongs to the cephalosporin class of antibiotics, which has a cross-reactivity with penicillin.
Therefore, a client with a severe penicillin allergy may also be allergic to cephalosporins like cefuroxime. This information is crucial for the provider to assess the risk of administering cefuroxime to the client and consider alternative antibiotics to avoid a potentially severe allergic reaction.
Choice A: The client has a BUN of 18 mg/dL - This information is not directly related to the prescription of cefuroxime for sinusitis and does not pose an immediate risk to the client's health in this context.
Choice B: The client takes an aspirin daily - While aspirin use is important to consider for potential drug interactions, it is not as
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer potassium chloride elixir 20 mEq/day PO to divide equally every 12 hr. Available is 6.7 mEq/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer per dose? (Round to the nearest tenth.)
Correct Answer: 7.5
Rationale: The correct answer is 7.5 mL.
To calculate this, first, determine the total daily dose (20 mEq/day) divided by 2 to get the dose per administration (10 mEq every 12 hours). Next, divide the dose per administration by the concentration of the elixir (6.7 mEq/5 mL) to get the mL per dose. Thus, 10 mEq ÷ 6.7 mEq/5 mL = 7.5 mL. This ensures the patient receives the correct amount of potassium chloride elixir each dose. The other choices are incorrect because they do not correspond to the calculated amount based on the given information.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is in shock and is receiving an infusion of albumin. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C - Increase in BP
Rationale: Albumin is a colloid solution that helps increase plasma volume, leading to an increase in blood pressure in patients with shock. This increase in BP is an expected outcome when administering albumin to a patient in shock.
Incorrect choices:
A: Oxygen saturation 96% - This finding is not directly related to the administration of albumin and does not indicate the expected response in a patient in shock.
B: PaCO2 30 mm Hg - PaCO2 levels are not typically influenced by the administration of albumin and are not a specific expected finding in this scenario.
D: Decrease in protein - Albumin is a protein, so administering it would not lead to a decrease in protein levels in the patient.
Summary: The correct answer is C because albumin infusion helps increase blood pressure in patients in shock.
Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to the expected outcome of administering albumin in