ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions Correct Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has neutropenia and is receiving chemotherapy. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A, C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A, C
Rationale:
A: Avoiding crowds helps reduce the risk of exposure to infections, crucial for neutropenic clients.
C: Taking temperature daily allows early detection of fever, a sign of infection.
B: Weekly toothbrush washing does not directly impact infection risk.
D: Fresh fruits and vegetables are good for health but not specific to neutropenia management.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is analyzing the ABG results of a client who is in respiratory acidosis. Which of the following mechanisms should the nurse identify as responsible for this acid-base imbalance?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Retention of carbon dioxide. In respiratory acidosis, there is an accumulation of carbon dioxide in the bloodstream due to inadequate ventilation. This leads to increased levels of carbonic acid, causing the blood pH to decrease. The nurse should identify this mechanism as responsible for the acid-base imbalance.
Loss of bicarbonate (
B) would lead to metabolic acidosis, not respiratory acidosis. Excessive vomiting (
C) would result in metabolic alkalosis. Hyperventilation (
D) would actually help correct respiratory acidosis by blowing off excess carbon dioxide.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has acute heart failure and received morphine IV 30 min ago. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the medication was effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased anxiety. Morphine is often used to relieve pain and anxiety in patients with acute heart failure. The nurse should expect a reduction in anxiety as a positive response to the medication. Emesis (choice
B) is not a typical indication of morphine effectiveness. Increased respiratory rate (choice
C) may indicate respiratory depression, a potential adverse effect of morphine. Decreased urinary output (choice
D) could suggest decreased cardiac output, which is not necessarily a sign of morphine effectiveness in this case.
Question 4 of 5
Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication to receiving this alternative therapy?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lymphedema. Lymphedema is a swelling caused by a lymphatic system blockage, which can be worsened by some alternative therapies. Headaches, mouth sores, and urticaria are symptoms that may not necessarily contraindicate alternative therapy. Lymphedema can cause complications if not managed properly, making it a clear contraindication.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP). The nurse should expect which of the following as an early manifestation of increased ICP?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Restlessness. In early stages of increased ICP, the brain tries to compensate by increasing blood flow to maintain perfusion, leading to restlessness. Projectile vomiting (
A) is a late sign due to pressure on the vomiting center. Decorticate posturing (
B) and papilledema (
D) are late signs of increased ICP.