ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a new prescription for phenelzine. Which of the following foods should the nurse instruct the client to avoid?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cheddar cheese. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that interacts with tyramine-rich foods, such as aged cheeses like cheddar. Tyramine can cause dangerously high blood pressure levels when combined with MAOIs. Sweet potatoes, orange juice, and canned tuna do not contain high levels of tyramine and are safe to consume with phenelzine.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmia. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Amiodarone. Amiodarone is an antiarrhythmic medication commonly used to treat life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmias. It works by prolonging the action potential duration and refractory period of cardiac muscle cells, thereby stabilizing the heart's electrical activity. Digoxin (
A) is not typically used for ventricular dysrhythmias. Dopamine (
B) is a vasopressor used for hypotension, not dysrhythmias. Verapamil (
C) is a calcium channel blocker, which is contraindicated in ventricular dysrhythmias.
Therefore, the nurse should anticipate administering amiodarone to treat the client's life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer dextrose 5% in water 500 mL over 12 hr to a client. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 42 mL/hr.
To calculate the IV pump rate, divide the total volume to be infused by the total time in hours (500 mL ÷ 12 hr = 41.67, rounded to 42 mL/hr). This ensures a consistent and accurate delivery of dextrose over the prescribed duration.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not result from the correct calculation. It's important to calculate the IV pump rate precisely to prevent under or over-infusion, which can lead to potential harm to the client.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client when they discover that the wrong medication was dispensed by the pharmacy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: File a report with the facility to document the incident as a near miss medication error. This action is crucial for patient safety and quality improvement. By documenting the incident as a near miss, the facility can investigate the root cause, implement preventive measures, and prevent future errors. Informing the client (
A) may cause unnecessary distress. Contacting the prescribing provider (
B) is important but should be done after reporting to the facility. Writing in the client's medical record (
C) is not sufficient for proper reporting.
Choices E, F, and G are not relevant to the situation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent who is receiving treatment for burns and is requesting medication for pain. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask to determine the quality of the adolescent's pain?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Can you describe what your pain feels like? This question is crucial in determining the quality of pain, as it helps the nurse understand the characteristics of the pain (e.g., sharp, dull, burning). Understanding the quality of pain can provide valuable information for the nurse to identify potential causes and tailor appropriate pain management strategies.
Choice A is incorrect because pointing to the area of severe pain indicates location, not quality.
Choice B focuses on the timing of pain escalation, not quality.
Choice C assesses pain intensity on a numerical scale, not quality.
In summary, asking the adolescent to describe the pain sensation (choice
D) helps the nurse gain insights into the nature of the pain, which is essential for effective pain management.