ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 II Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has a prescription for total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "You will receive TPN through a central vein." This is because TPN is a form of nutrition that is administered directly into the bloodstream through a central vein to provide essential nutrients when a client is unable to tolerate oral or enteral feedings. Administering TPN through a central vein allows for rapid absorption of nutrients into the bloodstream.
Choice A is incorrect because TPN is not specifically indicated for low platelet count.
Choice C is incorrect because TPN is not used to treat high glucose levels.
Choice D is incorrect because the duration of TPN administration varies based on the client's condition and needs, and it is not always given for 6 months.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking warfarin. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as the priority to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Melena. Melena is a sign of gastrointestinal bleeding, which can be a serious complication of warfarin therapy due to its anticoagulant effects. Gastrointestinal bleeding can lead to significant blood loss and requires immediate medical attention to prevent further complications. Reporting melena promptly allows the provider to assess and manage the situation effectively. Fever (
A), abdominal cramping (
C), and hair loss (
D) are not typically associated with warfarin use and do not pose immediate life-threatening risks compared to gastrointestinal bleeding.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take to minimize bleeding following the injection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct Answer: B: Grasp skin between thumb and forefinger throughout the injection.
Rationale: Grasping the skin between the thumb and forefinger helps to create tension at the injection site, which can help minimize bleeding after the injection. This technique helps to stabilize the skin and underlying tissues, reducing the risk of bruising or bleeding. It also ensures proper needle insertion and medication delivery without causing damage to the surrounding blood vessels or tissues.
Summary of Other
Choices:
A: Using the Z-track method is not necessary for subcutaneous injections, as it is primarily for intramuscular injections to prevent medication leakage.
C: Massaging the site can increase bleeding by causing further disruption of the blood vessels.
D: Aspirating the syringe is not needed for subcutaneous injections since the needle tip is not in a blood vessel.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is educating a client about pain management with opioids. Which of the following information should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Long-term use of opioids may cause dependence. The nurse should include this information because opioids have the potential to lead to physical dependence over time, which can result in withdrawal symptoms if the medication is discontinued abruptly. It is crucial for the client to understand the risks associated with long-term opioid use to make informed decisions about their pain management.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Diarrhea is not a common adverse effect of opioids. Constipation is actually a more frequent side effect.
B: Opioids typically decrease urinary output, so this statement is incorrect.
D:
Tolerance to opioids often develops over time, requiring an increased dose rather than a decreased one.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medication administration record for a client who has cancer and is receiving morphine via a PCA pump. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse clarify with the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse should clarify the prescription for Nalbuphine with the provider because it is an opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic and could potentially interact with morphine, leading to decreased analgesic effects or increased risk of side effects like respiratory depression. Ondansetron (
A) is commonly used for nausea and vomiting, Insulin glargine (
C) for diabetes, and Acetaminophen (
D) for pain relief, but they do not have significant interactions with morphine.