ATI RN
ATI Medsurg Proctored Final Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has had a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy for uterine cancer. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A. Artificial lubrication can be used to treat vaginal itching and dryness.
Rationale: After a total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, the client will experience menopausal symptoms due to the removal of the ovaries. Vaginal dryness and itching are common symptoms that can be managed with artificial lubrication. Estrogen therapy is contraindicated in this client due to the history of uterine cancer. Using tampons can increase the risk of infection post-surgery. Avoiding sexual activity for 1 year is not necessary unless advised by the healthcare provider.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse at a rehabilitation center is planning care for a client who had a left hemispheric cerebrovascular accident (CVA) 3 weeks ago. Which of the following goals should the nurse include in the client's rehabilitation program?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Establish the ability to communicate effectively. Communication is a key aspect affected by left hemispheric CVA, which can lead to aphasia or difficulty in speaking and understanding language. By prioritizing communication goals, the nurse can enhance the client's quality of life, facilitate social interactions, and improve overall rehabilitation outcomes. Increasing mobility (
B) and independence in activities of daily living (
C) are important but may not directly address the communication deficits. Preventing falls (
D) is also crucial but not specific to the client's primary deficit.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client about the causes of osteoporosis. The nurse should include which of the following types of medication therapy as a risk factor for osteoporosis?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Thyroid hormones. Excessive use of thyroid hormones can lead to osteoporosis by increasing bone turnover and reducing bone mineral density. Thyroid hormones can interfere with the normal process of bone formation and resorption, leading to weakened bones. Aspirin therapy (
A) is not a risk factor for osteoporosis. Calcium supplements (
B) are actually recommended to prevent osteoporosis. Estrogen therapy (
C) is also not a risk factor; in fact, estrogen helps to maintain bone density.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about gynecological examination. Which of the following information should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A
Rationale: The urethral orifice is located between the clitoris and vaginal opening, so separating the labia minora is necessary to assess it. This step ensures proper assessment of the urinary system and helps detect any abnormalities.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
B: Palpating the cervix for size is not a standard part of a gynecological examination; it may cause discomfort and is unnecessary unless indicated for specific medical reasons.
C: Inspecting the vagina without a speculum is not recommended as it may not provide a clear view of the vaginal walls and cervix, potentially missing important findings.
D: Massaging the clitoris is not a part of a gynecological examination and is inappropriate; it may be uncomfortable for the patient and is not relevant to the assessment.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the EKG strip of a client who has prolonged vomiting. Which of the following abnormalities on the client's EKG should the nurse interpret as a sign of hypokalemia?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Abnormally prominent U wave. In hypokalemia, low potassium levels can lead to U wave prominence on an EKG. The U wave becomes more visible and prominent due to delayed repolarization of the Purkinje fibers. This is a classic EKG finding in hypokalemia. Tachycardia (choice
B) is a non-specific finding and can be caused by various conditions. Flattened P wave (choice
C) is seen in hyperkalemia, not hypokalemia. Prolonged PR interval (choice
D) is more indicative of first-degree heart block or other conduction abnormalities, not specifically hypokalemia.