ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Exam Final Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client Who has gout and a new prescription for allopurinol. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "I need to increase my fluid intake while taking this medication." This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching because allopurinol can increase the risk of kidney stones, and increasing fluid intake helps prevent kidney stones by promoting the excretion of uric acid.
A: "If I get a rash from this medication, I will take my usual antihistamine" - This statement does not address the specific actions related to allopurinol and gout treatment.
B: "If I get a fever while taking this medication I will take some aspirin" - Aspirin can worsen gout symptoms, so this statement is incorrect.
D: "I should take this medicine on an empty stomach" - Allopurinol is usually taken after meals to reduce stomach upset, so this statement is incorrect.
Increasing fluid intake is a crucial aspect of managing gout and allopurinol therapy, making choice C the correct answer
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer blood to a client. The unit of blood on hand is type B, and the client has type AB blood. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer the blood as ordered. In the case of blood transfusions, it is safe to administer type B blood to a patient with type AB blood, as the recipient's blood type (A
B) contains both A and B antigens and can accept A, B, AB, or O blood.
Choice A, completing an incident report, is unnecessary as this situation does not indicate an error.
Choice B, notifying the blood bank of the discrepancy, is not relevant as there is no discrepancy in blood compatibility.
Choice C, contacting the provider for further orders, is unnecessary as the blood type is compatible. Administering the blood as ordered (
Choice
D) is the correct action based on blood type compatibility.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client who is to receive the first dose of cefoxitin via intermittent IV bolus. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a contraindication for the client to receive cefoxitin and report to the provider?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: A severe allergy to amoxicillin. Cefoxitin is a cephamycin antibiotic, which may cross-react with penicillin antibiotics like amoxicillin. In a client with a severe allergy to amoxicillin, there is a risk of anaphylaxis or severe allergic reaction when administering cefoxitin. It is crucial for the nurse to identify and report this contraindication to the provider to avoid potentially life-threatening complications.
Incorrect choices:
B: A recent history of diarrhea for 3 days - Diarrhea is not a contraindication for receiving cefoxitin.
C: A history of phlebitis following an IV infusion of 0.9% sodium chloride with 10 mEq of potassium chloride - Phlebitis is not a direct contraindication for cefoxitin administration.
D: Serum creatinine 0.8 mg/Dl - Normal serum creatinine levels do not contrain
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client Who has a new prescription for sucralfate to treat a gastric ulcer. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D - "I will take this medication 1 hour before meals and at bedtime."
Rationale: Sucralfate forms a protective barrier in the stomach to aid in the healing of ulcers. Taking it before meals and at bedtime ensures that the medication can work effectively by coating the stomach lining before food intake and during the night when gastric acid secretion is high. This timing optimizes the therapeutic effects of sucralfate.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
A: Taking sucralfate as needed does not provide consistent protection for the stomach lining.
B: Reducing fluid intake is not recommended with sucralfate as it may hinder the medication's effectiveness.
C: Taking sucralfate with an antacid can interfere with its absorption and should be avoided.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has nausea and a prescription for metoclopramide intermittent IV bolus every 4 hr as needed. The client asks the nurse how metoclopramide Will relieve her nausea. Which of the following explanations should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The medication relieves nausea by promoting gastric emptying. Metoclopramide is a prokinetic agent that works by increasing muscle contractions in the upper digestive tract, which helps in faster movement of food through the stomach and intestines. This promotes gastric emptying and reduces the feeling of nausea.
Choice A is incorrect because metoclopramide does not directly affect gastric acid secretions.
Choice C is incorrect as it suggests slowing peristalsis, which is the opposite effect of metoclopramide.
Choice D is incorrect as metoclopramide does not relax gastric muscles, but rather enhances their contractions.