Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because a durable power of attorney for health care is indeed a crucial part of advance directives. This person can make healthcare decisions on your behalf if you are unable to do so.
Choice A is incorrect as approval from the doctor is not needed for advance directives.
Choice B is incorrect because it is best to have advance directives in place before a serious health problem arises.
Choice D is incorrect as a family member typically does not need to co-sign a living will.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D - Complete an incident report about the breach of client confidentiality.


Rationale: Completing an incident report is necessary to document the breach of client confidentiality, ensuring accountability and proper follow-up. It is essential to address violations of client privacy promptly. This action also helps in identifying potential risks and implementing preventive measures to safeguard client information.

Incorrect choices:
A: Instruct the AP to discontinue the conversation - While stopping the conversation is important, it may not be enough to address the breach effectively.
B: Notify the client's provider about the incident - Notifying the provider alone may not provide a formal record of the confidentiality breach.
C: Reassign the AP to other clients on the unit - Reassignment does not address the confidentiality breach and may not prevent future incidents.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: "My durable power of attorney for health care is part of my advance directives." This statement indicates an understanding of advance directives because a durable power of attorney for health care is a legal document that allows an individual to appoint someone to make medical decisions on their behalf if they are unable to do so. This is a key component of advance directives, which also include living wills.

Incorrect choices:
A: Incorrect because approval from a doctor is not required for decisions outlined in a living will.
B: Incorrect because advance directives should be completed before a serious health problem arises.
D: Incorrect because a living will does not require a family member to co-sign it.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: What is your current pain level on a scale of 0 to 10?

Rationale:
1. Pain management is a priority postoperatively to ensure client comfort and mobility.
2. Assessing pain level helps determine if pain medication is needed before physical therapy.
3. Uncontrolled pain can affect the client's ability to participate in therapy effectively.
4. Addressing pain promptly can prevent complications and promote faster recovery.
Summary:
A: Using an incentive spirometer is important but assessing pain takes precedence.
C: Family notification is important but not a priority before addressing pain.
D: Bathing preference is not urgent compared to pain assessment before therapy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Counsel the staff members about the breach of confidentiality. This action is appropriate because it addresses the issue directly by educating the staff members about the importance of maintaining client confidentiality. It helps prevent future breaches and promotes a culture of respecting client privacy.

Explanation of other choices:
A: Filing a grievance report may not be necessary at this point as it is a less proactive approach compared to directly addressing the issue with the staff members.
B: Discussing the incident with another staff nurse does not address the breach of confidentiality directly and may not help prevent future incidents.
D: Reporting the staff members to the state board of nursing is a drastic step and should be reserved for serious violations, not for a first-time breach of confidentiality.