ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 V Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for the family of a client who has Alzheimer's disease. Which of the following statements should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Structured activities help maintain cognitive function and provide routine, which is beneficial for clients with Alzheimer's disease.
Too much stimulation can be overwhelming, a dark room may disorient, and a monthly calendar may not be useful due to memory impairment.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
0900:
Client came to the emergency department this morning and reports not feeling well for the last 12 hr and increasing blood glucose. Client has a history of type 1 diabetes mellitus and hypertension. Client weight is 88 kg (194 lb). The client was recently treated for bronchitis and pneumonia. Client reports nausea and decreased appetite.
Client is alert and orientated x 4, heart and lung sounds are clear. Client states that they have been frequently urinating and are extremely thirsty. Bowel sounds are hyperactive in all 4 quadrants. Bilateral pedal pulses 1+. Slight tenting of skin. Peripheral IV established and labs drawn.
Vital Signs
0900:
• Temperature 36.8° C (98.2° F)
• Pulse rate 110/min
• Respiratory rate 18/min
• Blood pressure 96/65 mm Hg
• Oxygen saturation 96% on room air
Laboratory Results
0915:
• Blood glucose 468 mg/dL (74 to 106 mg/dL)
• pH 7.30 (7.35 to 7.45)
• Potassium 5.5 mEq/L (3.5 to 5 mEq/L)
• Sodium 138 mEq/L (136 to 145 mEq/L)
• Chloride 101 mEq/L (98 to 106 mEq/L) BUN 21 mg/dL (10 to 20 mg/dL)
• Creatinine 1.7 mg/dL (0.5 to 1.1 mg/dL)
• Urine dipstick positive for ketones (negative)
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client in the emergency department. The nurse understands that the client is at risk of developing which of the following complications? Select all that apply.
| Options | DKA | HHS |
|---|---|---|
| Hypotension | ||
| Respiratory alkalosis | ||
| Septic shock | ||
| Cardiac arrhythmias | ||
| Renal failure | ||
| Cerebral edema |
Correct Answer: A,D,E,F
Rationale: Hypotension, arrhythmias (from hyperkalemia), renal failure (from dehydration), and cerebral edema are DKA risks.
Extract:
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is obtaining a blood sample from a client's central venous access device. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Cleaning with povidone-iodine prevents infection when accessing a central venous device.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving a 0.9% sodium chloride via IV infusion. The client has become dyspneic with a blood pressure of 140/100 mm Hg, a fluid intake of 960 mL, and an output of 300 mL in the past 12 hr. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Dyspnea and fluid overload signs suggest slowing the infusion and notifying the provider to prevent worsening heart failure.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is providing dietary instructions to a client who has cardiovascular disease. The nurse should identify that which of following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Canola oil is low in saturated fat and heart-healthy, aligning with cardiovascular dietary recommendations. Canned vegetables are high in sodium, 8 ounces of meat exceeds typical portion limits, and whole milk is high in saturated fat.