ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions Correct Answers Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has diabetes mellitus about the self-administration of insulin.The client has prescriptions for regular and NPH insulins. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A: I will draw up the regular insulin into the syringe first.
Rationale: Drawing up regular insulin first is crucial for preventing contamination between the two insulins. Regular insulin is a clear solution and should be drawn up first to prevent any cloudiness or contamination from the NPH insulin, which is a cloudy suspension. Drawing up regular insulin first ensures accuracy in dosing and prevents mixing of the two insulins.
Incorrect
Choices:
B: Shaking the NPH vial vigorously before drawing up the insulin is incorrect as it can cause bubbles and affect the accuracy of the dose.
C: Storing prefilled syringes in the refrigerator with the needle pointed downward is incorrect as it can lead to leakage or contamination.
D: Inserting the needle at a 15-degree angle is incorrect as insulin injections should be administered at a 90-degree angle for proper absorption.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is monitoring an older adult client who has an exacerbation of chronic lymphocytic leukemi The nurse notes petechiae on the client's skin. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Institute bleeding precautions. Petechiae are tiny red or purple spots on the skin caused by bleeding under the skin. In chronic lymphocytic leukemia, the client's platelet count may be low, leading to an increased risk of bleeding. By instituting bleeding precautions, the nurse can help prevent injuries that could result in further bleeding. Determining the client's blood type (
A) is not necessary in this situation. Avoiding IV pain medication (
B) is not directly related to managing petechiae. Implementing airborne precautions (
D) is not relevant to the client's presentation with petechiae.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing instructions about foot care for a client who has peripheral arterial disease. The nurse should identify that which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because applying a lubricating lotion to the cracked areas on the soles of the feet helps prevent further skin breakdown and infection, which is crucial in peripheral arterial disease.
Choice B may improve circulation, but it does not address foot care directly.
Choice C can lead to burns or injury due to decreased sensation in peripheral arterial disease.
Choice D poses a risk of injury or infection due to the potential for skin damage while soaking the feet. Overall, choice A is the most appropriate for maintaining foot health in peripheral arterial disease.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has skeletal traction for a femoral fracture. The nurse notes that the weights are resting on the floor. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Reapply the weights to ensure proper traction. When the weights are resting on the floor, it means that there is no longer effective traction on the affected limb.
To maintain proper skeletal traction, the weights should be suspended freely in the air. By reapplying the weights and ensuring they are hanging freely, the nurse can restore the necessary traction force to immobilize the fractured bone and facilitate healing. Removing a weight (choice
A) may compromise the traction. Tying knots in the ropes (choice
B) may alter the mechanics of the traction system. Increasing the elevation of the extremity (choice
C) does not address the issue of the weights resting on the floor.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has emphysema. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the client's plan of care?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Teaching the client a breathing exercise with a longer inhalation phase helps improve lung capacity and strengthen respiratory muscles, which are essential for clients with emphysema. This intervention can help the client breathe more effectively and reduce shortness of breath. Option A is incorrect because limiting fluid intake is not a standard intervention for emphysema. Option B is incorrect as administering oxygen is not specific to improving lung function. Option C is incorrect as incentive spirometry is more effective if done for longer durations.