ATI RN
ATI RN Medical Surgical 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has diabetes mellitus about the self-administration of insulin. The client has prescriptions for regular and NPH insulins. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: When mixing regular and NPH insulin, regular (clear) insulin is drawn first to prevent contamination with NPH (cloudy), ensuring accurate dosing. Storing syringes needle-up, gentle rolling of NPH, and a 45-90° injection angle are correct, making other options incorrect.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a chest tube. The client asks why the fluid in the water-seal chamber rises and falls. Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The rise and fall (tidaling) in the water-seal chamber reflect intrapleural pressure changes during breathing, a normal finding. An air leak causes bubbling, full re-expansion stops tidaling, and high suction affects the suction chamber, not water-seal.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has oral achalasia. The nurse should ask the client which of the following questions to assess their ability to swallow?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Achalasia involves esophageal motility issues, often causing a sensation of food stuck at the throat base due to lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction. Burning, fullness, or pain are less specific to achalasia's swallowing difficulties.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing an increase in intracranial pressure (ICP). The nurse should expect which of the following as an early manifestation of increased ICP?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Restlessness is an early sign of increased ICP due to cerebral irritation, preceding more severe signs like posturing, vomiting, or papilledema, which indicate advanced neurological compromise.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing a seizure. Which of the following actions should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: During a seizure, the priority is safety. Clearing surrounding objects prevents injury from falls or collisions, taking precedence over other actions like lowering, loosening clothing, or taking vitals, which follow after ensuring safety.