ATI RN
ATI RN pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing preoperative teaching about using an incentive spirometer for a client. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hold your breath for 2 to 3 seconds when using the incentive spirometer. This instruction is vital as it allows the lungs to fully expand and helps in improving lung function. Holding the breath for a few seconds helps to recruit more alveoli and increase oxygenation.
A: Placing the head of the bed flat is incorrect as it may hinder the effectiveness of the incentive spirometer.
C: Using the incentive spirometer every 3 hours while awake is not accurate. It is recommended to use it every hour while awake.
D: Breathing in through the nose is incorrect as the incentive spirometer is designed to be used with a mouthpiece for optimal results.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to provide foot care for a client who is ambulatory. Identify the sequence of steps the nurse should follow when performing foot care.
Correct Answer: B,C,E,D,A
Rationale: The correct sequence for providing foot care to an ambulatory client is as follows:
B: Assist the client into a sitting position in a chair - Ensures client comfort and accessibility for foot care.
C: Soak the client's feet in warm water - Helps soften calluses and relaxes the client.
E: Rub callused areas of the client's feet using a washcloth - Allows for gentle exfoliation.
D: Apply lotion to the client's feet - Moisturizes and nourishes the skin.
A: Gently dry the client's feet and areas between the toes with a towel - Completes the foot care process.
Incorrect choices:
C: Soaking the feet first allows for better callus removal, so applying lotion before this step would be less effective.
E: Rubbing callused areas should be done after soaking to avoid harsh exfoliation on dry skin.
D: Applying lotion before exfoliation can hinder the removal of dead skin cells.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching a group of students about the components of informed consent. Which of the following should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it is essential to include information about alternative treatments in informed consent to ensure that the patient is fully informed and can make a knowledgeable decision. This helps in promoting patient autonomy and shared decision-making. Providing information about alternative treatments also aligns with the ethical principle of beneficence by allowing patients to choose the most appropriate treatment for themselves.
Choice A is incorrect because clients have the right to change their mind even after signing consent.
Choice C is incorrect as the time of the procedure is not a component of informed consent.
Choice D is incorrect as the charge nurse's role in reviewing the form is not a standard component of informed consent.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse notes lung crackles, hypoxia, and distended neck veins. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: The correct actions for the nurse to take are A, B, C, and D. A - Stopping the transfusion is crucial as the client is showing signs of fluid overload and a potential transfusion reaction. B - Placing the client in high-Fowler's position helps improve oxygenation. C - Obtaining a prescription for a diuretic can help manage fluid overload. D - Administering oxygen is essential to improve oxygen saturation.
Choices E and beyond are incorrect as epinephrine is not indicated for this situation and other interventions take precedence in managing the client's symptoms.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who recently lost a loved one. The client reports frequent headaches, indigestion, and heart palpitations. Which of the following types of grief is the client likely experiencing?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Masked grief. The client is likely experiencing masked grief because they are exhibiting physical symptoms such as headaches, indigestion, and heart palpitations instead of openly expressing their emotions related to the loss. This type of grief involves suppressing or avoiding grief, leading to physical manifestations.
A: Chronic grief is characterized by persistent grief over an extended period, not necessarily accompanied by physical symptoms.
C: Exaggerated grief involves an intense and prolonged grief reaction, but the client's reported symptoms are not indicative of this type of grief.
D: Delayed grief refers to a postponed or suppressed grief reaction that emerges later, which does not align with the client's current presentation.