ATI RN
ATI RN Pediatric Nursing 2023 Exam 3 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a parent of a child who has juvenile idiopathic arthritis and a new prescription for prednisone. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. Instructing the parent to discontinue prednisone if gastrointestinal upset occurs is not appropriate, as abrupt discontinuation of corticosteroids can lead to adrenal insufficiency. Monitoring for and managing gastrointestinal upset while continuing the medication as prescribed is more appropriate. B. Limiting intake of potassium-rich foods is not specifically indicated with prednisone therapy. Prednisone may increase the risk of potassium loss, but dietary adjustments should be made under medical guidance. C. Prednisone can affect growth in children, but it is more commonly associated with slowing growth rather than stimulating a growth spurt. This statement is misleading and not accurate. D. Monitoring the child for indications of infection is crucial when taking prednisone, as corticosteroids can suppress the immune system and increase susceptibility to infections. This statement addresses an important aspect of medication safety and is the priority in discharge teaching.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a preschool-age child who is in the immediate postoperative period following a tonsillectomy. Which of the following assessment findings is the priority?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A. The child's throat pain increasing is expected post-tonsillectomy and can be managed with pain medication. While important to address, it is not the priority in this situation. B. The child refusing clear liquids may indicate discomfort or difficulty swallowing, but it is not as immediately concerning as other assessment findings. C. The child crying often may be a response to pain or discomfort but does not indicate a physiological problem requiring immediate attention. D. The child swallowing frequently is a priority finding because it could indicate bleeding, which is a significant complication after tonsillectomy and requires immediate intervention to prevent further complications or deterioration in the child's condition.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is teaching the parent of an infant who has a new diagnosis of heart failure about nutrition. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A. Allowing the infant to self-soothe by crying prior to feeding is not appropriate, as it may lead to increased stress and fatigue, which can worsen heart failure symptoms. B. Placing the infant in an upright position during feeding helps to reduce the risk of aspiration and promotes effective swallowing. C. Infants with heart failure have a weakened heart that struggles to pump blood efficiently. Feeding can be tiring for them, and they might not be able to consume large volumes at once. A smaller, more frequent feeding schedule allows them to take in enough calories without overexertion. This approach helps manage their energy expenditure and reduces stress on the heart. D. While some infants might take longer to feed, heart failure can make feeding tiring. Offering smaller, more frequent feedings can help the infant consume enough calories without expending too much energy.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer immunizations to a 5-year-old child who is up-to-date with the current immunization schedule. Which of the following immunizations should the nurse plan to administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. Rotavirus vaccination is typically given in infancy, usually starting at 2 months of age, so it would not be administered to a 5-year-old child who is already up-to-date with the immunization schedule. B. Varicella (chickenpox) vaccine is routinely administered around 12-15 months of age with a booster dose typically given between 4-6 years of age.
Therefore, a 5-year-old child would receive the booster dose if not already administered. C. Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccine is usually completed by 15 months of age, so it would not be administered to a 5-year-old child who is already up-to-date with the immunization schedule. D. Hepatitis B vaccine is typically administered at birth, 1-2 months, and 6-18 months of age, so a 5-year-old child who is up-to-date with immunizations would have already received the series.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a school-age child who has heart failure and is taking furosemide. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an indication that the medication is effective?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: A. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that typically causes potassium loss, so an increase in potassium levels would not be expected as an indication of effectiveness. B. Furosemide is prescribed to reduce fluid volume overload, which often manifests as peripheral edema in patients with heart failure. A decrease in peripheral edema indicates that the medication is effectively reducing fluid retention. C. Furosemide is not typically prescribed to decrease cardiac output but rather to reduce fluid volume overload, which may help improve cardiac function indirectly. D. Furosemide is not typically prescribed to increase venous pressure but rather to decrease fluid volume overload, which may help reduce venous pressure over time.