ATI RN
ATI RN Adult Medical Surgical 2023 Questions Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has a new prescription for sublingual nitroglycerin. Which of the following statements made by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I should take this medication as soon as the pain begins." This is correct because nitroglycerin is a rapid-acting medication used to relieve chest pain associated with angina. Taking it at the onset of chest pain helps dilate blood vessels and improve blood flow to the heart muscle.
Choice A is incorrect because taking another dose after 2 minutes could lead to overdose and hypotension.
Choice B is incorrect as the tablet should be placed under the tongue, not against the cheek and gum.
Choice C is incorrect because nitroglycerin should not be chewed but allowed to dissolve under the tongue.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who is considering a total hip arthroplasty. The client asks the nurse, 'What happens if I need a blood transfusion during my surgery?' Which of the following statements should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: "You can donate your own blood a few weeks prior to this surgery." This is the correct answer because autologous blood donation involves donating your own blood before surgery to be transfused back to you if needed. This reduces the risk of transfusion reactions and ensures a compatible blood match. Option A is incorrect because family members are not typically required to donate blood for surgery. Option B is incorrect as total hip arthroplasty can involve significant blood loss. Option D is incorrect as even with screened donor blood, transfusion reactions can still occur.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who is taking isoniazid (INH) for tuberculosis. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I will have my liver function tested while I am taking this medication." This is the correct answer because isoniazid (INH) is known to potentially cause liver toxicity. Monitoring liver function tests is crucial to detect any signs of liver damage early.
Choice A is incorrect as INH treatment for tuberculosis typically lasts 6-9 months, not just 1 week.
Choice B is incorrect because antacids can decrease the absorption of INH.
Choice C is incorrect as INH does not typically cause an increase in blood pressure.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is reviewing the laboratory findings of a client who has a new diagnosis of Graves' disease. The nurse should anticipate which of the following laboratory values to be elevated?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Trisodothyronine 3. In Graves' disease, there is excessive production of thyroid hormones, including triiodothyronine (T3). Elevated T3 levels are common in hyperthyroidism, which is a hallmark of Graves' disease. T3 is the active form of thyroid hormone and is responsible for regulating metabolism. Phosphorus, calcium, and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels are typically not elevated in Graves' disease. Phosphorus and calcium are more related to bone health and are usually within normal limits unless complications arise. Thyroid-stimulating hormone levels are usually suppressed in hyperthyroidism, including Graves' disease.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has gastroenteritis. Which of the following assessment findings should the nurse recognize as an indication that the client is experiencing dehydration?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Decreased blood pressure. Dehydration leads to a decrease in blood volume, causing a drop in blood pressure. As a result, the body tries to conserve fluids, leading to decreased urine output and concentrated urine. Distended jugular veins (
A) are more indicative of heart failure. Increased blood pressure (
B) is not typically associated with dehydration. Pitting, dependent edema (
D) is a sign of fluid overload, not dehydration.