ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology Exam Final Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client who has asthma and a new prescription for fluticasone/salmeterol. For Which if the following adverse effects should the nurse instruct the client to report to the provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: White coating in the mouth. This is a common side effect of inhaled corticosteroids like fluticasone, which can lead to oral thrush. The nurse should instruct the client to report this to the provider for evaluation and treatment. Increased appetite (
A) is not a common side effect of fluticasone/salmeterol. Sedation (
C) is more commonly associated with other medications like antihistamines or benzodiazepines, not this combination inhaler. Dry oral mucous membranes (
D) can occur but are not typically a side effect that requires immediate reporting.
Choices E, F, and G are not provided.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer heparin subcutaneously to a client who has a deep vein thrombosis. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct technique is C because it follows the standard practice for administering subcutaneous injections. Cleansing the skin with an alcohol swab helps prevent infection. Inserting the needle before injecting the heparin ensures proper placement. Injecting the heparin before observing for bleeding reduces the risk of leakage. This order minimizes the chances of complications. Option A is incorrect as aspirating is unnecessary for subcutaneous injections. Option B is incorrect as aspirating before injecting can lead to unnecessary pain. Option D is incorrect as massaging the site can cause bruising or discomfort. Overall, option C is the most appropriate and safe technique for administering heparin subcutaneously to a client with deep vein thrombosis.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse in a provider's clinic is caring for a client who reports erectile dysfunction and requests a prescription for sildenafil. Which of the following medications currently prescribed for the client is a contraindication to taking sildenafil?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Isosorbide. Isosorbide is a contraindication to taking sildenafil because both medications are vasodilators and can cause a significant drop in blood pressure when taken together, leading to hypotension and potential cardiovascular complications. Metronidazole (
A), Phenytoin (
B), and Prednisone (
D) do not have known interactions with sildenafil related to erectile dysfunction.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has multiple sclerosis about a new prescription for baclofen. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Do not take antihistamines with this medication. Baclofen is a muscle relaxant commonly used to treat muscle spasms in conditions like multiple sclerosis. Antihistamines can enhance the sedative effects of baclofen, leading to increased drowsiness and dizziness. It is crucial to avoid taking them together to prevent potential adverse effects.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect.
Choice A is not a common side effect of baclofen.
Choice C is dangerous as abruptly stopping baclofen can lead to withdrawal symptoms.
Choice D is not necessary as baclofen can be taken with or without food.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes and plans to administer his regular insulin subcutaneously before he eats breakfast at 0800. After checking the client's morning glucose level, which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Give the insulin at 0730. This is the correct timing for administering regular insulin subcutaneously before breakfast at 0800. The rationale is to ensure the insulin starts working before the client consumes food, thus helping to regulate blood sugar levels effectively. Option A (0700) is too early, which may lead to hypoglycemia before breakfast. Option B (when the breakfast tray arrives) is not ideal as the insulin needs time to start working. Option C (30 min after breakfast with other routine medicines) is incorrect as insulin should be given before meals to prevent blood sugar spikes. Option D (0730) is the best choice to allow the insulin adequate time to begin working before the client eats breakfast.