ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to transcribe a prescription for a client that reads 'ondansetron 8 mg by mouth every 12 hr PRN.' Which of the following parts of the prescription should the nurse clarify with the provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Reason. The nurse should clarify the reason for the prescription with the provider because "PRN" (pro re nata) indicates that the medication should be taken as needed for a specific condition, such as nausea or vomiting. Understanding the reason for the medication helps ensure appropriate administration and monitoring.
A: Dose - The dose is clearly stated as 8 mg, so there is no need for clarification.
B: Route - The route is specified as by mouth, which is a common and appropriate route for ondansetron.
C: Frequency - The frequency is every 12 hours, so there is no ambiguity in this aspect of the prescription.
In summary, clarifying the reason for the PRN prescription is essential for safe and effective medication administration, making option D the correct choice for clarification.
Question 2 of 5
A home care nurse is teaching a client about safe medication disposal. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Return expired medication to the pharmacist. This is the safest method of medication disposal as pharmacists have proper procedures to handle and dispose of expired medications safely. Pouring medication into the waste basket (
A), discarding down the toilet (
B), and rinsing down the sink (
C) can lead to environmental contamination and potential harm to others. Returning medication to the pharmacist ensures proper disposal and prevents misuse or accidental ingestion.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who started haloperidol five days ago and is experiencing neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Which of the following prescriptions should the nurse anticipate administering?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Bromocriptine. Bromocriptine is used to treat neuroleptic malignant syndrome, a rare but serious side effect of antipsychotic medications like haloperidol. It works by increasing dopamine levels in the brain, helping to alleviate symptoms of muscle rigidity, fever, and altered mental status associated with neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Benztropine (
Choice
A) is an anticholinergic medication used to treat extrapyramidal symptoms, not neuroleptic malignant syndrome. Naloxone (
Choice
B) is used to reverse opioid overdose. Diphenhydramine (
Choice
D) is an antihistamine and not indicated for neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has anxiety and is taking buspirone. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Bradycardia. Buspirone can cause bradycardia as an adverse effect due to its potential to lower heart rate. Bradycardia is a slow heart rate, which can be dangerous if severe. It is crucial for the nurse to monitor the client's heart rate regularly when taking buspirone. Hypoglycemia (
A), hypothermia (
C), and hypokalemia (
D) are not typically associated adverse effects of buspirone.
Therefore, the nurse should prioritize assessing for bradycardia in a client taking buspirone.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has received oxycodone. The nurse notes that the client's respiratory rate is 8/min. The nurse should identify that which of the following is the pathophysiology for the client's respiratory rate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct Answer: C - Oxycodone causes central nervous system depression.
Rationale: Oxycodone is an opioid analgesic that acts on the central nervous system to provide pain relief. One of the common side effects of opioids is respiratory depression, which can lead to a decreased respiratory rate. This occurs because opioids suppress the activity of the brainstem respiratory centers, leading to decreased drive to breathe and ultimately slowing down the respiratory rate.
Therefore, in this scenario, the client's low respiratory rate of 8/min is likely due to the central nervous system depression caused by oxycodone.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
A: Oxycodone blocking the sodium channel suspending nerve conduction is not the mechanism behind the respiratory depression seen with opioids.
B: Oxycodone promoting vasodilation of cranial arteries is not related to the respiratory depression caused by opioids.
D: Oxycodone inhibiting prostaglandin synthesis is not the mechanism responsible for the respiratory