ATI RN
ATI RN pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to perform nasotracheal suctioning for a client. Which of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Use surgical asepsis when performing the procedure. This is essential to prevent introducing pathogens into the airway. Surgical asepsis involves sterile technique to minimize the risk of infection. The nasotracheal suctioning procedure involves inserting a sterile catheter into the trachea, which is a sterile area. The nurse must maintain aseptic technique to prevent contamination and potential infection.
Incorrect choices:
A: Applying intermittent suction for 20 to 30 seconds is a technique-related action, not related to infection control.
B: Placing the catheter in a clean and dry location for later use is incorrect as the catheter should be disposed of after use.
C: Holding the suction catheter with the clean, nondominant hand is not as critical as maintaining surgical asepsis.
Question 2 of 5
A charge nurse has reviewed fire safety procedures with staff members. Which of the following statements by a staff member indicates an understanding of the last action they should take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D. "I should extinguish small fires if it is safe to do so."
Rationale: The last action in a fire emergency should be to attempt to extinguish small fires if it is safe to do so. This is because the safety of the staff and clients is paramount, and trying to put out small fires can prevent them from escalating and causing more harm. However, safety should always come first, so it is crucial to ensure that the staff member evaluates the situation and only attempts to extinguish the fire if it can be done without putting themselves or others at risk.
Summary of Incorrect
Choices:
A: Closing doors and windows can help contain the fire, but it is not the last action to take.
B: Evacuating clients in immediate danger should be done before attempting to extinguish fires.
C: Activating the fire alarm is an important step to alert everyone, but it is not the last action to take.
Question 3 of 5
A staff nurse is teaching a newly hired nurse about alternatives to the use of restraints on clients who are confused. Which of the following instructions should the staff nurse include?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Encourage physical activity throughout the day to expend energy. This is the most appropriate instruction because physical activity can help reduce restlessness and agitation in confused clients, thus decreasing the need for restraints. Removing clocks (
A) may not address the underlying causes of confusion. Checking on the client frequently (
B) can be helpful but doesn't directly address alternative strategies to restraint. Using full-length side rails (
D) can be dangerous and increase the risk of injury.
Question 4 of 5
A community health nurse is developing a brochure about obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Which of the following potential complications of OSA should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Heart failure. Obstructive sleep apnea can lead to complications such as heart failure due to the repeated episodes of oxygen deprivation and stress on the cardiovascular system during apnea episodes. This can result in increased risk of hypertension, arrhythmias, and ultimately heart failure. Enlarged adenoids (
A), diabetes mellitus (
B), and nasal polyps (
C) are not direct complications of OSA. Adenoid enlargement may contribute to OSA, but it is not a complication of the condition itself. Diabetes mellitus is not directly linked to OSA, although there may be a correlation. Nasal polyps are not a typical complication of OSA.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who wants to stop receiving treatment for terminal cancer. The client's family asks the nurse if it is possible to continue the treatment without the client's knowledge. Which of the following responses should the nurse make?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A
Rationale:
1. The nurse must prioritize the client's autonomy and right to make decisions about their own care.
2. Continuing treatment without the client's knowledge violates their autonomy and ethical principles.
3. By respecting the client's wishes to stop treatment, the nurse upholds the principle of beneficence by promoting the client's well-being.
4. Informing the family of the client's right to refuse care educates them on the importance of respecting the client's autonomy.
Summary:
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Choice B: Involving a health care surrogate is only necessary if the client is incapacitated or unable to make decisions, not when they have capacity.
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Choice C: Discussing treatment options without the client's presence undermines their autonomy and does not respect their decision-making authority.
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Choice D: Involving the ethics committee is not necessary here; the nurse should first address the family's request directly with the client.