ATI RN
RN ATI Pediatric Proctored Exam 2023 with NGN Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to perform a dressing change on a 6-year-old child with mild cognitive impairment (CI) who sustained a minor burn. Which strategy should the nurse use to prepare the child for this procedure?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Demonstrate a dressing change on a doll. This strategy is most appropriate because children with cognitive impairment often benefit from visual aids and hands-on experiences. By demonstrating the dressing change on a doll, the nurse can provide a clear and concrete example for the child to understand what will happen during the procedure. This approach can help reduce anxiety and fear by making the process more tangible and relatable for the child.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Verbally explaining may not be as effective for a child with cognitive impairment who may struggle to understand complex verbal instructions.
B: Watching a video may be overwhelming or confusing for the child with cognitive impairment.
D: Explaining the importance of keeping the burn area clean is important but may not adequately prepare the child for the procedure itself.
Question 2 of 5
Which is the correct positioning of a child experiencing epistaxis:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct positioning for a child experiencing epistaxis (nosebleed) is option D: the child should sit up and lean forward. This position helps prevent blood from flowing down the throat, reducing the risk of choking or aspiration. Sitting up also helps to reduce blood pressure in the vessels of the nose, aiding in the clotting process. Placing the child in a prone position (option
A) can lead to blood flowing down the throat, causing potential airway obstruction. Placing the child in a supine position (option
B) can also lead to blood going down the throat and may increase the risk of aspiration. Sitting with the head tilted back (option
C) is not recommended as it can lead to blood running down the back of the throat and potentially into the airway.
Therefore, option D is the correct choice for managing epistaxis in a child.
Question 3 of 5
Which actions by the school nurse is important in the prevention of rheumatic fever?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Refer children with sore throats for throat cultures. This is important in preventing rheumatic fever as it helps identify and treat streptococcal infections promptly, which can lead to rheumatic fever if left untreated. Encouraging routine cholesterol screenings (
A) and conducting routine blood pressure screenings (
B) are not directly related to preventing rheumatic fever. Recommending aspirin instead of acetaminophen (
D) can actually be harmful in children with viral infections, increasing the risk of Reye's syndrome.
Question 4 of 5
You are the nurse caring for a 3-year-old, 33-pound child on digoxin. The safe dose range for digoxin is 20-40 mcg/kg/day. The order is for digoxin to be given IV every 12 hours, what is the maximum safe single dose the child should receive?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 300 mcg.
To determine the maximum safe single dose, we first need to calculate the total daily safe dose range for the child. The child's weight is 33 pounds, which is approximately 15 kg (1 kg = 2.2 lbs). The safe dose range is 20-40 mcg/kg/day, so for a 15 kg child, the total daily safe dose range would be 300-600 mcg/day. Since the medication is given every 12 hours, the maximum safe single dose would be half of the total daily dose, which is 300 mcg. This ensures that the child stays within the safe dose range for digoxin.
Choice B (600 mcg) exceeds the maximum daily safe dose, choice C (660 mcg) exceeds the daily safe dose range, and choice D (1320 mcg) is way above the safe dose range for the child's weight.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for an adolescent with a closed femur fracture who also has HIV. What type of precautions should the nurse institute?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: The patient should be placed on standard precautions to diminish the risk of HIV transmission. Standard precautions are used for all patients to prevent the transmission of infection. In this case, the adolescent has a closed femur fracture and HIV, so the nurse should follow standard precautions, which include hand hygiene, wearing gloves, and using personal protective equipment as needed. Neutropenic precautions (choice
A) are not necessary unless the patient has a low white blood cell count. Contact precautions (choice
C) are used for specific infections that are spread by direct contact with the patient or their environment. Isolation (choice
D) is not required solely based on HIV status.