ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 retake 1 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to mix short-acting insulin with NPH insulin from two vials. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Inject air into the vial to withdraw the short-acting insulin. This step is essential to prevent creating a vacuum in the vial, making it difficult to withdraw the correct dose. Injecting air equal to the amount of insulin needed prevents negative pressure. Other choices are incorrect: A is not necessary as long as a vacuum is not created; C is not required if the same syringe is used for both insulins; and D is incorrect as NPH insulin is usually drawn last to prevent contamination.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is developing a teaching plan for an older adult client who has a new prescription for insulin glargine. Which of the following expected outcomes should the nurse include in the plan?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: A. The client will wear his reading glasses when drawing up a dose of insulin glargine.
Rationale: Older adults may experience age-related changes in vision, making it important for them to wear reading glasses to accurately measure and administer insulin. This ensures precise dosing and reduces the risk of medication errors. Using insulin glargine before meals is not correct as it is a long-acting insulin typically administered once daily. Using the deltoid muscle as an injection site is not recommended for insulin glargine, as it is usually injected into the subcutaneous tissue of the abdomen, thigh, or upper arm for slower absorption. Taking an additional dose of insulin glargine prior to exercise is unnecessary and may lead to hypoglycemia.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client for the first time and needs to know about potential food and medication interactions. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Consult a drug reference guide for possible interactions. This is the best action for the nurse because drug reference guides provide comprehensive information on potential interactions between medications and food. By consulting a drug reference guide, the nurse can ensure that the client receives the medication safely and effectively.
Option A is incorrect because relying on another nurse's knowledge may not guarantee accurate information. Option B is less efficient as it may not provide real-time or up-to-date information on interactions. Option D is incorrect as taking medication on an empty stomach may not necessarily prevent interactions. Consulting a drug reference guide is the most reliable and evidence-based approach in this scenario.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving vancomycin by IV infusion over 30 min. Which of the following findings indicate the client experiencing a vancomycin infusion reaction?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: B. The client experiencing hypotension indicates a possible vancomycin infusion reaction. Vancomycin is known to cause hypotension as a side effect, which could be a sign of an adverse reaction. Hypotension can be a symptom of anaphylaxis or "red man syndrome" associated with vancomycin infusion. Monitoring for hypotension is crucial during vancomycin administration.
Incorrect choices:
A: The client having an increased creatinine level is not typically associated with vancomycin infusion reactions. This finding may indicate kidney damage but is not specific to a vancomycin reaction.
C: Red and edematous IV site suggests local inflammation or infection at the IV site, not necessarily related to vancomycin infusion.
D: Ringing in the ears is a symptom of ototoxicity, a known side effect of vancomycin, but not specific to an infusion reaction.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following situations requires an incident report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A client receives their insulin before scheduled time. This situation requires an incident report because administering insulin before the scheduled time can lead to serious consequences such as hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. An incident report is necessary to document the error, investigate the root cause, and prevent future occurrences.
Choices A, B, and D do not require an incident report as they are not considered serious incidents that could harm the client. Vomiting after medication, receiving a meal tray early, and experiencing a seizure are all important issues to address but do not necessarily indicate a mistake in care that requires documentation in an incident report.