ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to mix short-acting insulin with NPH insulin from two vials. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Rationale: Option A is correct because when mixing short-acting insulin with NPH insulin, air should be injected into the NPH insulin vial first to prevent creating a vacuum. This allows for easier withdrawal of the short-acting insulin. Injecting air into the short-acting insulin vial could lead to contamination of the insulin. Option B is incorrect because insulin should be administered within 5-10 minutes of mixing, not 20. Option C is incorrect since the short-acting insulin should be drawn into the syringe first to avoid contamination. Option D is incorrect as using two separate syringes is unnecessary and increases the risk of dosing errors.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for nifedipine. Which of the following findings should the nurse assess prior to administration of the medication?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Blood pressure. Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker used to treat hypertension. Before administering, the nurse should assess the client's blood pressure as this medication can cause hypotension as a side effect. Monitoring blood pressure ensures safety and effectiveness of the medication. Assessing respiratory rate, temperature, and oxygen saturation are important but not specific to nifedipine administration. Blood pressure is the priority assessment in this case.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has received propofol during a colonoscopy. The nurse should monitor for which of the following as an adverse effect of the medication?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Decrease in respiratory rate. Propofol is a sedative-hypnotic medication that can cause respiratory depression as a common adverse effect. This is due to its central nervous system depressant effects. The nurse should monitor the client closely for signs of decreased respiratory rate, such as shallow breathing or respiratory distress. Monitoring respiratory status is crucial to prevent respiratory compromise or arrest.
Other choices are incorrect:
A: Increase in heart rate - Propofol typically causes a decrease in heart rate, not an increase.
C: Increase in bowel function - Propofol does not affect bowel function.
D: Decrease in body temperature - Propofol is not known to cause a decrease in body temperature.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who develops an anaphylactic reaction to IV antibiotic administration. After assessing the client's respiratory status and stopping the medication infusion. Which of the following actions should the nurse take next?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A: Administer epinephrine 1M.
Rationale: Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis as it helps to reverse the severe allergic reaction by constricting blood vessels, increasing heart rate, and opening airways, thus improving breathing and blood pressure. Administering epinephrine intramuscularly is recommended in the initial management of anaphylaxis.
Summary of other choices:
B: Replacing the IV infusion with saline may help maintain fluid status but does not address the anaphylactic reaction.
C: Diphenhydramine may be used to relieve itching and hives but does not address the life-threatening respiratory distress in anaphylaxis.
D: Elevating the legs and feet does not address the immediate need to treat the anaphylactic reaction and may delay necessary interventions.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer a prefilled syringe of enoxaparin to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Administer the medication into the anterolateral or posterolateral abdominal area. This site is recommended for enoxaparin injection as it minimizes the risk of hitting a large blood vessel or nerve. It also provides a safe and effective route for absorption. Massaging the injection site (
Choice
A) is not recommended as it can cause bruising or irritation. Expelling air bubbles (
Choice
B) is important to prevent air embolism, but this is not typically a concern with prefilled syringes. Holding the skin taut (
Choice
C) is not necessary and may cause unnecessary discomfort. Administering the medication into other areas of the body (
Choice E, F, G) may not provide consistent absorption or could lead to complications.