ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer total parenteral nutrition to a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Keep the solution refrigerated until 1 hr before infusion. This is important to prevent bacterial growth and maintain the integrity of the TPN solution. Keeping it refrigerated helps to preserve the nutrients and prevent contamination.
A: Obtaining the client's weight three times a week is not directly related to administering TPN.
B: Checking the client's WBC count daily is not necessary for administering TPN.
D: Changing the solution every 36 hours is not the standard practice for TPN administration.
In summary, choice C is correct because it ensures the safety and efficacy of the TPN solution, while the other choices are not directly relevant to the administration process.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving magnesium sulfate IV bolus for preeclampsia. The client's respiratory rate is 6/min and they have absent deep tendon reflexes. Which of the following medications should the nurse anticipate the provider to prescribe?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calcium gluconate. In this scenario, the client is likely experiencing magnesium toxicity, characterized by respiratory depression and absent deep tendon reflexes. Calcium gluconate is the antidote for magnesium sulfate toxicity as it antagonizes the effects of magnesium on the neuromuscular system, restoring neuromuscular excitability and potentially preventing cardiac arrest. Methylergonovine (
A) is used to prevent or control postpartum hemorrhage, not for magnesium toxicity. Naloxone (
C) is used to reverse opioid overdose, not magnesium toxicity. Dexamethasone (
D) is a corticosteroid used for anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressant effects, not for magnesium toxicity.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client about how to self-administer subcutaneous injections of enoxaparin. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
1. Remove the air bubble to avoid injecting air into the bloodstream, which can cause harm.
2. After drawing up the correct dose, flick the syringe to move any air bubbles to the top, and then push the plunger to expel the air.
3. Inject the medication slowly at a 45 to 90-degree angle into the fatty tissue of the abdomen or thigh.
4. Pinch the skin fold and insert the needle. After injecting, release the skin fold.
5. Avoid rubbing the site to prevent irritation and bruising.
Summary:
- B: Rubbing the site can cause irritation and bruising.
- C: Injections are typically given in the abdomen or thigh, not specifically the lateral thigh.
- D: Releasing the skin fold after injecting is correct, not before.
- E, F, G: No additional options provided.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to mix short-acting insulin with NPH insulin from two vials. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Inject air into the vial to withdraw the short-acting insulin. The rationale is to prevent the formation of a vacuum in the vial when withdrawing the insulin. By injecting air, it equalizes the pressure inside the vial, making it easier to withdraw the desired amount of insulin accurately. This step ensures that the correct dosage is obtained and minimizes the risk of contamination or air bubbles in the syringe.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect:
B: Administer the insulin within 20 min of preparing it - This is not a necessary step for mixing short-acting insulin with NPH insulin; it is more important to ensure accurate dosage.
C: Ensure the NPH insulin is drawn into the syringe first - This is incorrect as the order of drawing the insulins does not affect their mixing or effectiveness.
D: Use two separate syringes to mix the insulin - This is unnecessary and increases the risk of errors in dosage measurement
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a client. Using the rights of medication administration. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to ensure the right medication is administered to the client?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Use two client identifiers prior to administering the medication. This is crucial to ensure the right medication is given to the right client. By using two identifiers (such as name and date of birth), the nurse verifies the client's identity accurately. This step helps prevent medication errors and ensures patient safety.
Option A is not as effective as it does not directly verify the client's identity. Option B involves verifying the written order but does not confirm the client's identity. Option D is after administration and does not prevent errors.