ATI RN
ATI Pharmacology 2023 III Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer the varicella vaccine to a group of clients. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as having a contraindication for receiving this immunization?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: A client who has AIDS. Clients with AIDS have compromised immune systems, making them more susceptible to potential adverse effects of the varicella vaccine. Live attenuated vaccines like the varicella vaccine can pose a risk of causing the actual disease in immunocompromised individuals.
Therefore, administering the varicella vaccine to a client with AIDS can lead to severe complications.
A: An older adult client living in a long-term care facility - Older adults are at increased risk for complications from varicella but it is not a contraindication.
B: A young adult who has an allergy to eggs - The varicella vaccine is made in eggs but having an egg allergy is not a contraindication.
C: A child who recently received the human papillomavirus vaccine - Receiving the HPV vaccine does not contraindicate receiving the varicella vaccine.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving ondansetron IV. Which of the following findings is an indication that the ondansetron is effective?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Decreased nausea. Ondansetron is an antiemetic medication used to treat nausea and vomiting.
Therefore, if the client is receiving ondansetron IV and their nausea is decreased, it indicates that the medication is effective in managing their symptoms. Reduced dizziness (
B) and absence of peripheral neuropathy (
D) are not direct indicators of ondansetron effectiveness. Increased urinary output (
C) is not related to the medication's mechanism of action.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has septic shock and is receiving dopamine by continuous IV infusion. Which of the following findings indicates that the nurse should increase the rate of infusion?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Hypotension. In septic shock, the body's blood pressure drops significantly, leading to hypotension. Dopamine is a vasopressor that helps increase blood pressure by constricting blood vessels.
Therefore, if the client's blood pressure remains low despite being on dopamine, it indicates that the current rate of infusion is not sufficient to maintain adequate perfusion to vital organs. Increasing the rate of infusion would help improve blood pressure and perfusion.
Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they are not directly related to the need for increasing the dopamine infusion rate in septic shock.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is taking phenelzine and reports eating aged cheese. Which of the following is a manifestation of an interaction between the medication and the food?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hypertension. Phenelzine is a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) that can interact with tyramine-rich foods like aged cheese, leading to a hypertensive crisis. Tyramine in aged cheese can displace norepinephrine from nerve terminals, causing a sudden increase in blood pressure.
A: Somnolence is a common side effect of phenelzine but is not directly related to the interaction with aged cheese.
B: Diarrhea is not a typical manifestation of the interaction between phenelzine and aged cheese.
C: Bradycardia is not associated with the interaction between phenelzine and aged cheese; it is more commonly seen with other medications or conditions.
E, F, G: No further choices provided.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a group of clients. Which of the following situations requires an incident report?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: A client receives their insulin 1 hr before scheduled. This situation requires an incident report because administering insulin at the wrong time could lead to serious complications like hypoglycemia or hyperglycemia. Incident reports are crucial for documenting errors in patient care to ensure proper follow-up and prevent future occurrences.
Choices A, B, and D do not involve potential harm or risk to the client's health, thus not requiring an incident report.