ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology 2023 IV Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer propranolol to a client. Which of the following should the nurse assess prior to administering this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Heart rate. Before administering propranolol, a beta-blocker, the nurse should assess the client's heart rate because this medication works by slowing down the heart rate and reducing blood pressure. Monitoring the heart rate helps ensure the medication is given safely and effectively. Assessing pain level (
A) is important but not directly related to propranolol administration. Temperature (
B) is not typically a crucial assessment before giving propranolol. Respiratory rate (
D) is also important but not the priority when administering this medication.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who has a transdermal fentanyl patch in place. Which of the following findings should the nurse document as an adverse effect of this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypotension. Fentanyl, a potent opioid, can cause hypotension as an adverse effect due to its central nervous system depressant effects, leading to a decrease in blood pressure. Tachycardia (
A) is less common with fentanyl, insomnia (
B) is not a typical side effect, and diarrhea (
D) is also less likely. It is crucial for the nurse to monitor for signs of hypotension when a client is on a fentanyl patch to prevent complications.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Monitor the client's weight daily. Monitoring the client's weight daily is essential when administering TPN to assess fluid balance and nutritional status. Weight changes can indicate fluid retention or loss, helping to adjust the TPN solution accordingly. Hanging the TPN to gravity (
A) is incorrect as TPN should be administered using an infusion pump to control the rate accurately. Titrating TPN to blood pressure (
C) is incorrect as TPN is not adjusted based on blood pressure but rather individual nutritional needs. Obtaining the client's blood glucose level weekly (
D) is important but not as crucial as monitoring weight daily to ensure adequate TPN therapy.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has diabetes insipidus and is receiving desmopressin by intermittent IV bolus. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse identify as an indication of a therapeutic response to the medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Decrease in urine output. Desmopressin is a synthetic form of vasopressin, a hormone that helps regulate water balance in the body. In diabetes insipidus, there is a deficiency of vasopressin leading to excessive urination. By giving desmopressin, urine output should decrease as the medication helps the kidneys retain water. This indicates a therapeutic response as the medication is effectively addressing the underlying issue of excessive urine output.
A: Decrease in blood pressure - Desmopressin does not directly affect blood pressure.
B: Increase in serum sodium - Desmopressin should help decrease serum sodium levels by retaining water.
C: Increase in heart rate - Desmopressin should not have a direct impact on heart rate.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is planning to administer medications to a client who weighs 198 lb. The prescription reads, 'filgrastim 5 mcg/kg, subcutaneous, daily.' Available is filgrastim 300 mcg/mL. How many mL should the nurse plan to give with each dose?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale:
To calculate the dose of filgrastim, we first need to convert the client's weight from pounds to kilograms. 198 lb is approximately 89.9 kg.
Then, we multiply the weight by the prescribed dose (5 mcg/kg) to get the total dose required, which is 449.5 mcg. Next, we divide the total dose by the concentration of the available filgrastim (300 mcg/mL) to find the volume needed, which is 1.5 mL.
Therefore, the correct answer is A.
Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not match the calculated dose based on the client's weight and the prescribed dosage of filgrastim.