ATI RN
ATI N211 Pharmacology Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer phenytoin 50 mg IV bolus to a client who has a seizure disorder. The medication is supplied as a 50 mg/mL vial. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Administering phenytoin over at least 1 minute reduces complications like hypotension. It should be diluted with saline, not sterile water, and not injected if crystallized.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for ibuprofen to treat hip pain. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Taking ibuprofen with food minimizes gastrointestinal irritation. It does not require refrigeration, tinnitus is associated with aspirin, and weight loss is not a common side effect.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer 0.45% sodium chloride (NaCl) 1000 mL IV to infuse over 8 hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero)
Correct Answer: 125
Rationale:
To calculate the infusion rate, divide the total volume (1000 mL) by the infusion time (8 hours): 1000 ÷ 8 = 125 mL/hr.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has been taking prednisone to treat asthma and has a new prescription to discontinue the medication. The nurse should explain to the client to reduce the dose gradually to prevent which of the following adverse effects?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Gradual dose reduction prevents adrenocortical insufficiency, as abrupt cessation can impair the body's ability to produce cortisol. Rebound pulmonary congestion, dehydration, and hyperglycemia are not directly related to prednisone discontinuation.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client who has just begun therapy with alprazolam to treat anxiety. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects of this medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Insomnia can occur with alprazolam, especially if not taken as prescribed or due to paradoxical reactions. Alprazolam typically causes hypotension, not hypertension, and is not associated with hearing loss or bradycardia.