ATI RN
ATI RN pharmacology 2023 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer phenobarbital 30 mg PO to a client. Available is phenobarbital 20 mg/5 mL. How many mL should the nurse administer?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: 7.5 mL.
To calculate this, we first determine how many 20 mg doses are in 30 mg (30 mg ÷ 20 mg = 1.5 doses).
Then, since the medication is 20 mg/5 mL, each dose is 5 mL (20 mg ÷ 5 mL = 4 mL).
Therefore, 1.5 doses x 4 mL/dose = 6 mL. However, since we need to round up to ensure the full dosage is administered, the nurse should administer 7.5 mL.
Choice A (7 mL) is incorrect as it does not provide the full dosage.
Choices C (8 mL) and D (8.5 mL) are incorrect as they exceed the necessary dosage, leading to potential overdose risks.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is assessing a client who is receiving a blood transfusion. The nurse notes lung crackles, hypoxia, and distended neck veins. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: A,B,C,D
Rationale: The correct actions for the nurse to take are A, B, C, and D. A - Stopping the transfusion is crucial as the client is showing signs of fluid overload and a potential transfusion reaction. B - Placing the client in high-Fowler's position helps improve oxygenation. C - Obtaining a prescription for a diuretic can help manage fluid overload. D - Administering oxygen is essential to improve oxygen saturation.
Choices E and beyond are incorrect as epinephrine is not indicated for this situation and other interventions take precedence in managing the client's symptoms.
Extract:
Vital Signs
Nurses' Notes
Provider Prescriptions
0900:
Temperature 38.0° C (100.4° F)
Heart rate 94/min
Respiratory rate 18/min
Blood pressure 110/88 mm Hg
Pulse oximetry 97% on room air
0915:
Temperature 38.0° C (100.4° F)
Heart rate 100/min Respiratory rate 20/min
Blood pressure 106/80 mm Hg
Pulse oximetry 94% on room air
0920:
Pulse oximetry 97% on room air
Question 3 of 5
Click to highlight the action that would be appropriate for the care of the client. Each body system may support more than 1 potential action.
| Inform client to achieve two to four breaths per session when using incentive spirometer. |
| Encourage deep-breathing exercises. |
| Check for pain. |
| Encourage the client to increase fiber in their diet. |
| Promote intake of oral fluids. |
| Apply barrier ointment after bowel movements. |
Correct Answer: B,C,D,E,F
Rationale:
To determine the appropriate actions for the care of the client, we need to consider the client's overall well-being and potential needs.
B: Encouraging deep-breathing exercises helps improve lung function and oxygenation, aiding in respiratory health.
C: Checking for pain is crucial to address any discomfort or underlying issues that may affect the client's well-being.
D: Encouraging the client to increase fiber in their diet promotes gastrointestinal health and aids in preventing constipation.
E: Promoting intake of oral fluids is essential for hydration and overall health maintenance.
F: Applying barrier ointment after bowel movements helps protect the skin and prevent irritation.
These actions encompass respiratory, pain assessment, nutrition, hydration, and skin care, covering a holistic approach to the client's care needs.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
Diagnostic Results
Vital Signs
0900:
Client is admitted to the unit with a diagnosis of pneumonia. IV of 0.9% sodium chloride infusing into 20-gauge peripheral IV located in the left hand at 90 mL/hr.
1300:
Client has not voided since admission. Bladder is distended and palpable. Provider notified.
1330:
Prescription obtained for intermittent catheterization.
Question 4 of 5
After providing perineal care and donning sterile gloves, the nurse should first ___ followed by ___
| lubricate the catheter tip |
| insert the catheter until urine flows |
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale:
Rationale:
- The correct sequence is to first lubricate the catheter tip (
A) before inserting it.
- This helps reduce discomfort and trauma to the patient during catheter insertion.
- After lubrication, the nurse should then insert the catheter until urine flows (
B) to ensure proper placement and functionality.
- It is crucial to follow this specific order to maintain aseptic technique and prevent complications like urinary tract infections.
Extract:
Nurses' Notes
Diagnostic Results
Day 1:
The client has left-sided weakness and is unable to ambulate without full assistance. 2+ pedal pulses present and equal bilaterally.
Day 2:
Area of swelling and tenderness noted to back of right calf. Pedal pulses present and equal bilaterally.
Question 5 of 5
The client is at risk for developing ___ due to their ___
| deep vein thrombosis (DVT) |
| immobility |
Correct Answer: A,B
Rationale: [1, 1, 0]
The correct answer is A,B. Deep vein thrombosis is a condition where blood clots form in deep veins, often due to immobility. Immobility can lead to blood pooling and clot formation, increasing the risk of DVT.
Therefore, both choices A and B are correct as they are interlinked in causing DVT.
Choice C and other options are incorrect as they do not directly address the relationship between immobility and the risk of DVT development.