ATI RN
ATI N211 Pharmacology Exam Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer morphine IV to a client. Which of the following medications should the nurse plan to have available?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Naloxone. Naloxone is an opioid antagonist used to reverse the effects of opioids like morphine, in case of overdose or adverse reactions. Having naloxone available ensures immediate intervention in case of respiratory depression or sedation from morphine. Protamine (
B) is used to reverse the effects of heparin, not morphine. Flumazenil (
C) is a benzodiazepine antagonist, not used for opioid overdose. Neostigmine (
D) is a cholinesterase inhibitor used for myasthenia gravis, not for opioid overdose.
Question 2 of 5
A charge nurse is supervising a newly licensed nurse provide care for a client who has a PCA pump. Which of the following statements made by the nurse requires further action by the charge nurse?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Discarding the remaining medication from the PCA pump without a witness is incorrect as it violates the principle of two-person verification for medication safety. The charge nurse must ensure proper documentation and witness the disposal to prevent medication errors.
Choice A is incorrect as bolus doses are allowed during PCA initiation.
Choice B is also acceptable, as the lockout period is within the appropriate range.
Choice C is incorrect as family education on PCA use is essential. Thus,
Choice D requires further action due to the lack of proper witness verification during medication disposal.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching for a client who has a new prescription for alprazolam to treat insomnia. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid activities that require alertness, such as driving. This instruction is crucial because alprazolam is a sedative-hypnotic medication that can cause drowsiness and impair alertness. Driving or engaging in activities requiring focus can be dangerous.
Choice B is incorrect as alprazolam should be taken on an empty stomach for better absorption, not with a high-fat meal.
Choice C is incorrect because alprazolam is usually taken on an "as-needed" basis for insomnia, not necessarily every night.
Choice D is unrelated as monitoring for peripheral edema is not specifically associated with alprazolam.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing teaching to a client who has asthma and a new prescription for inhaled beclomethasone. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: D - Rinse the mouth after administration
Rationale: Beclomethasone is an inhaled corticosteroid that can lead to oral thrush or throat irritation. Rinsing the mouth after administration helps reduce the risk of these side effects. Checking pulse (
A) is not necessary for this medication. Taking with meals (
B) or limiting caffeine intake (
C) are not specific to beclomethasone.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for codeine. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: You should change positions slowly. This instruction is important because codeine can cause dizziness and orthostatic hypotension, leading to a risk of falls. By changing positions slowly, the client can reduce the risk of falls and injuries.
Incorrect choices:
A: Experiencing diarrhea is not a common side effect of codeine.
B: Limiting alcohol to 12 ounces daily is not specific to codeine use.
C: Taking codeine on an empty stomach can actually increase the risk of nausea.
In summary, option D is correct as it directly relates to the potential side effects of codeine, while the other options are not directly relevant or may even be contradictory to safe medication use.