ATI RN
ATI Custom Pharmacology Exam 2 Questions
Extract:
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer medications to a client who states. 'I don't want to take those drugs.' Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ask the client why he is refusing to take the medication. This is the most appropriate action as it demonstrates respect for the client's autonomy and allows the nurse to understand the client's concerns or reasons for refusal. It opens up communication and enables the nurse to address any misconceptions, fears, or preferences the client may have regarding the medication. This approach promotes a collaborative decision-making process and helps build trust between the nurse and the client.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Explaining the purpose for the medications is important, but it may not address the client's specific concerns or reasons for refusal.
B: Telling the client the physician wants him to take the medications may undermine the client's autonomy and could create resistance.
D: Documenting that the client refuses the medication is necessary, but it does not address the underlying reasons for refusal or facilitate resolution.
Overall, choice C is the most client-centered and effective approach in this situation.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a child who is allergic to penicillin. The nurse should verify which of the following prescriptions with the provider?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Amoxicillin-clavulanate. The nurse should verify this prescription because it is a combination antibiotic that includes a penicillin derivative. By verifying this prescription with the provider, the nurse ensures that the child does not receive a medication that could potentially trigger an allergic reaction.
Explanation for other choices:
A: Erythromycin - Although erythromycin is not a penicillin antibiotic, it is not the best choice for a child allergic to penicillin.
B: Gentamicin - Gentamicin is not a penicillin antibiotic, but it is not typically used as an alternative to penicillin in cases of penicillin allergy.
D: Amphotericin B - Amphotericin B is an antifungal medication and not an antibiotic, making it an irrelevant choice in this scenario.
Question 3 of 5
Which assessment Is most important for the nurse to obtain when a patient is being treated with a neuromuscular-blocking agent?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Respiratory assessment for patent airway. When a patient is being treated with a neuromuscular-blocking agent, the most critical assessment is ensuring the airway remains open for adequate ventilation. These agents can cause paralysis of respiratory muscles, leading to respiratory distress or failure. Monitoring the respiratory status helps prevent complications like hypoventilation or airway obstruction. Skin assessment (
B), blood pressure assessment (
C), and fluid volume overload assessment (
D) are important in overall patient care but not as immediately crucial as ensuring a patent airway when using neuromuscular-blocking agents.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer cephalexin oral suspension to an older adult client who has difficulty swallowing pills. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Correct
Answer: C - Check the client for a penicillin allergy.
Rationale: Older adults are more prone to allergic reactions and adverse effects from medications. Cephalexin is a cephalosporin antibiotic, which can trigger allergic reactions in individuals with a penicillin allergy due to structural similarities. Checking for penicillin allergy is crucial to prevent severe allergic reactions.
Incorrect
Choices:
A: Storing the medication at room temperature is standard practice and not specific to administering to an older adult with swallowing difficulties.
B: Shaking the medication does not relate to the client's swallowing difficulty but rather to ensure even distribution of the medication.
D: Monitoring for constipation is not directly related to administering cephalexin oral suspension to an older adult with swallowing difficulties.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a client who has multiple sclerosis and a new prescription for dantrolene. Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: I need to apply a sunscreen when I go outside. This is correct because dantrolene can increase the risk of photosensitivity, making the skin more sensitive to sunlight. Applying sunscreen helps protect the skin from harmful UV rays and reduces the risk of sunburn or skin damage.
Choice A is incorrect because combining dantrolene with an antihistamine may lead to increased drowsiness and central nervous system depression.
Choice B is incorrect because dantrolene should be taken as prescribed by the healthcare provider, not just when spasms are bad.
Choice C is incorrect because muscle strength improvement may take weeks to months, not just 2 to 3 days after starting dantrolene.
Overall, understanding the need for sunscreen with dantrolene is crucial for the client's skin health and safety.